吉林省秸秆打包减排及综合利用分析研究

为量化秸秆打包政策对防控大气污染的影响,基于吉林省2016年秸秆产量、秸秆打包地亩数、卫星火点数据以及大气污染物浓度的变化,对吉林省秸秆打包产生的大气环境及社会经济效益进行了分析,结果表明:1)吉林省打包秸秆量为220.36×10~4t,约占秸秆年产量的5.5%,假如全部加工成生物质颗粒燃料,2016年至少减少14.54×10~4t污染物排放;2)吉林省秸秆打包政策执行以来,秸秆露天燃烧量及秸秆燃烧主要月份的卫星火点数显著下降;3)随着露天燃烧量的减少,区域大气颗粒物浓度降低,空气质量改善。秸秆燃烧主要月份的PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)浓度从2014年的104.5μg·m~(-3)、164μg·m~(-3)分别下降到2016年的48.5μg·m~(-3)、69·μg·m~(-3)。研究结果可为吉林省有效减少污染物排放、综合利用农作物秸秆、改善大气环境质量等提供科技支撑。

Utilization of Baled Agricultural Residues and Its Emission Reduction in Jilin Province

To quantify the effects of agricultural residues baling policy on air pollution in Jilin Province,China in 2016,this study uses the data of baled residues yield and satellite-detected fire spot. Results show that:1)In 2016,2.2 million tons of ag-ricultural residues were baled in Jilin province,that accounted for 5.5% of the annual straw production. If all baled residues were processed and converted into biomass pellets, at least 145.4 thousand ton gaseous and pollutants were reduced; 2) Fire spot caused by biomass burning during peak burning months were reduced;3)The concentrations of PM2.5and PM10(particulate matter less than 2.5μm and 10μmin diameter respectively) decreased from 104.5 μg·m-3and 164 μg·m-3in 2014 to 48.5 μg· m-3and 69 μg·m-3in 2016,respectively. Our results indicate the effectiveness of pollutant reduction through comprehensive u-tilization of crop straw in Jilin province.