The deployment of an advanced gasification technology in the treatment of household and other waste streams |
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| Authors: | Ruby Ray Richard Taylor Chris Chapman |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;2. Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China;3. Japan Coal Energy Center, 3-14-10 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0073, Japan;1. JEC Jabalpur, India;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, JEC, Jabalpur, India;3. Director and Dean, SOEEM, RGPV, Bhopal, India;4. Energy Centre, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India;1. Akademiska Hus Chalmers Kraftcentralen, Chalmers Tvärgata 6a, Göteborg, Sweden;2. Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Hörsalsvägen 7b, Göteborg, Sweden;3. Stena Recycling International AB, Göteborg, Sweden;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The St. Thomas University Tunja, St. 19 #11-64, Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia;2. NEST – Excellence Group in Thermal Power and Distributed Generation, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Federal University of Itajubá, Av. BPS 1303, Itajubá, Minas Gerais State CEP: 37500-903, Brazil;3. Seamans Center for the Engineering Arts and Sciences, University of Iowa, 3131 Iowa City, IA 52242, United States;1. Laboratory of Optimization of Energy Systems (LOSE), Department of Energy, School of Engineering and Institute of Bioenergy Research (IPBEN-UNESP)-Associated Laboratory of Guaratinguetá, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil;2. Waste Revaluation Center, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Brazil;3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), SP, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | The Gasplasma® process developed by APP is an advanced thermal conversion (ATC) technology which has been developed for the treatment of household and trade wastes and has also been successfully applied to the handling of wastes derived from landfill and would be capable of achieving effective energy conversion when utilised as an integrated part of the Enhanced Landfill Mining (ELFM) concept.The core Gasplasma® technology comprises a two-stage thermal treatment system—firstly, a fluidizing bed gasifier which converts the wastes to a crude syngas using oxy-steam and, secondly, a plasma converter that efficiently cracks problematic tars in the raw syngas to produce a reformed and clean syngas suitable for generating electrical power in gas engines and also recovering an environmentally stable vitrified product for use as a secondary aggregate material. The utilization of oxy-steam as a gasifying agent greatly reduces the syngas volume compared to other ATC processes and incineration and hence reduces the cost of the gas cleaning system while improving the efficiency of the process. By adopting this two-stage approach, high energy conversion (74–90%) and carbon conversion (95 ± 1.6%) efficiencies were achieved with the Gasplasma® plant that compare favourably with published efficiencies data. The calculated net exportable power generation efficiency for a commercial scale plant is significantly in excess of 25%. This compares well with the published figures of 17.7–23% for fluidized bed technologies processing MSW. |
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