Multizonal thermochemical modelling of heavy metal transfer in incineration plants |
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| Authors: | T Ginsberg D Liebig M Modigell B Sundermann |
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| Institution: | 1. AVT – Mechanical Unit Operations, RWTH Aachen University, D-52064 Aachen, Germany;2. Ökotech Ingenieurgesellschaft mbH, D-45665 Recklinghausen, Germany;1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;2. Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China;3. Yixing Urban Supervision and Inspection Administration of Product Quality, National Supervision and Inspection Center of Environmental Protection Equipment Quality, Yixing 214205, China;1. Nuclear Waste Disposal Research& Analysis, Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0747, USA;2. Applied Systems Analysis & Research, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0747, USA;3. Storage & Transportation Technologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185-0779, USA;1. Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China;2. Civil Engineering Department, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, NE, USA |
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| Abstract: | Heavy metals enter an incineration plant as trace components in the fuel and are inhomogeneously distributed into the ash streams exiting the plant. Their concentration in the respective ash streams mainly depends on their chemical properties, especially on their volatility. Several authors already modelled the chemical state within an incinerator by one single thermochemical equilibrium calculation and achieved qualitative characterization of the heavy metals’ behavior.In the work at hand, a multizonal thermochemical process model of an incineration plant is developed. The chemical reactions within the incinerator are modelled as a sequence of thermochemical equilibria. Reaction kinetic as well as mass transport related inhibitions are accounted for by choosing a proper model structure.Test calculations for a waste and a biomass fired incinerator show that the model is capable of simulating the distribution of As, Cd, and Sn into the ash streams with better quantitative accuracy compared to the abovementioned single-equilibrium approach. The distribution of Cu and Pb is found to be closely coupled to the volatility of Cl on the grate. |
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