Waste disposal technology transfer matching requirement clusters for waste disposal facilities in China |
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| Authors: | Thomas Dorn Michael Nelles Sabine Flamme Cai Jinming |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Rostock, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department Waste Management, Justus-v.-Liebig-Weg 6, 18059 Rostock, Germany;2. University of Applied Sciences Münster, Corrensstraße 25, 48149 Münster, Germany;3. Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, 230009 Hefei, PR China;1. Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh;2. Bauhaus University of Weimar, Germany;3. University of Padova, Italy;1. University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Via G. Di Biasio, 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy;2. International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld, Australia;1. Earth Surface Science Institute, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;2. Research Centre for Radwaste Disposal, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;3. British Geological Survey, Nicker Hill, Keyworth, Nottingham NG12 5GG, UK;4. Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK;5. National Nuclear Laboratory, Birchwood Park, Warrington WA3 6AE, UK;1. School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom;2. School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom;3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece |
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| Abstract: | Even though technology transfer has been part of development aid programmes for many decades, it has more often than not failed to come to fruition. One reason is the absence of simple guidelines or decision making tools that help operators or plant owners to decide on the most suitable technology to adopt. Practical suggestions for choosing the most suitable technology to combat a specific problem are hard to get and technology drawbacks are not sufficiently highlighted. Western counterparts in technology transfer or development projects often underestimate or don’t sufficiently account for the high investment costs for the imported incineration plant; the differing nature of Chinese MSW; the need for trained manpower; and the need to treat flue gas, bunker leakage water, and ash, all of which contain highly toxic elements.This article sets out requirements for municipal solid waste disposal plant owner/operators in China as well as giving an attribute assessment for the prevalent waste disposal plant types in order to assist individual decision makers in their evaluation process for what plant type might be most suitable in a given situation. There is no ‘best’ plant for all needs and purposes, and requirement constellations rely on generalisations meaning they cannot be blindly applied, but an alignment of a type of plant to a type of owner or operator can realistically be achieved. To this end, a four-step approach is suggested and a technology matrix is set out to ease the choice of technology to transfer and avoid past errors. The four steps are (1) Identification of plant owner/operator requirement clusters; (2) Determination of different municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment plant attributes; (3) Development of a matrix matching requirement clusters to plant attributes; (4) Application of Quality Function Deployment Method to aid in technology localisation.The technology transfer matrices thus derived show significant performance differences between the various technologies available. It is hoped that the resulting research can build a bridge between technology transfer research and waste disposal research in order to enhance the exchange of more sustainable solutions in future. |
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