鱼血微核试验在项目竣工环保验收监测中应用

某化工技改项目曾因超标排污引发跨地区厂群纠纷被责令停产整改,为考察该项目整改后废水处理设施的运行效果,在该项目竣工环保验收监测期间,采用鱼外周血红细胞微核试验现场检测废水的遗传毒性。结果表明:Cr6+对鱼外周血红细胞有致突变作用,并有明显剂量效应关系;试验期间废水特征污染物均达标排放,未对生物监测塘中的鲤鱼和鲫鱼产生明显的遗传损伤;微核试验与验收监测结果有可比性。证实了鱼血微核试验可用于长期监控敏感项目废水遗传毒物的排放。

Application of Fish Micronucleus Test on the Environmental Protection Acceptance Monitoring at Project Completion

A technical renovation project for a chemical works was forced to suspend the production due to its over-standard pollutant discharge to arouse transregional pollution disputes. To assess the running effect of wastewater treatment facilities after the rectification, a micronucleus test of fish peripheral blood erythrocyte was conducted to detect in situ genotoxicity of wastewater during the environment protection acceptance monitoring at project completion. Results showed that the genotoxicity caused by Cr6+ was dose dependent, with wastewater up to the discharge criteria and no obvious genotoxic effect on Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus, and result of micronucleus test was comparable with that of the conventional acceptance monitoring. It demonstrated that micronucleus test could be successfully applied to the genotoxicity monitoring program of sensitive wastewater discharge.