县域土地资源可持续利用评价指标体系研究——以锡山市为例

土地利用评价的尺度包括微观、中观和宏观，其中县域土地资源可持续利用评价是最适宜的候选中观尺度，在评价中有承上启下的作用。县域经济的特点对县域土地利用的构成和动态变化必然产生直接或间接的影响，从而决定了县域土地资源利用可持续性的程度。遵循FAO提出的土地利用的生产性、安全性、保护性、可行性和可接受性等准则，确立了适宜于县域土地资源可持续利用评价指标体系框架，并以锡山市为例，从锡山市的具体情况出发，确定了适宜于锡山市的土地资源可持续利用评价指标体系，对锡山市1985－1999年土地资源利用状况进行了评价，评价指标按土地可持续评价的要求将指标分为增长型、递减型、控制性、平稳型。评价结果以诊断的形式表现，首先列出六大准则层，依据指标计算结果对其进行定性评价；其次列出各准则层中存在的问题；再次是确定问题发生影响的时点，这样针对土地资源利用中存在的问题一一解决时，可以分出轻重缓急，所依据的是系统论的原理：系统各组成部分之间可能存在替代作用，但这种替代作用是暂时和相对的，系统各部分之间的不可替代性是长久和绝对的。

ASSESSMENT ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF USE OF COUNTY LAND RESOURCE

Land-use scale in assessment generally includes micro-level, middle-level and macro-level. Assessment in the middle-level concerned, county scale is a suitable studying area. The characteristics of county economy will definitely influence the land utilization structure and accordingly bring an effect on the sustainability of land resource use. According to the criteria including productivity, security, protection, feasibility and acceptability recommended by FAO, an index system for land use assessment was proposed in this paper. Xishan County was used as an example and its land use sustainability during the period from 1985 to 1999 was assessed through the proposed method. The result was provided in a form of diagnosis list, from which the existing problems and the possible sequences can be found out.