长三角地区火电行业主要大气污染物排放估算

以2012年为基准年,利用排放因子法估算了长三角地区火电行业主要大气污染物(SO2、NOx、烟尘、PM10、PM2.5)排放.其中,SO2、NOx、烟尘、PM10、PM2.5的排放量分别为473 238、1 566 195、587 713、348 773、179 820 t.对于SO2和NOx,300 MW以上机组的贡献分别为85%和82%;烟尘、PM10和PM2.5方面,100 MW以下的机组贡献占比分别为81%、53%和40%.地区贡献方面,由大到小依次为江苏、浙江和上海.另通过对上海地区多家电厂不同等级机组污染排放数据进行统计计算,得出上海地区300 MW以上等级机组的污染物排放因子,对比分析可知,上海地区火电厂污染物排放因子水平总体较低.假设长三角地区火电行业同等级机组均与现在上海地区机组排放水平相当,则行业排放SO2可削减55.8%~65.3%,NOx可以削减50.5%~64.1%,烟尘可以削减3.4%~11.3%.若能提高较小等级机组的发电技术和污染控制水平,各污染物排放削减量可进一步提高.然而,根据长三角地区实际污染情况,应综合因素考虑火电行业削减排放,以促进区域空气质量不断改善.

Major Air Pollutant Emissions of Coal-Fired Power Plant in Yangtze River Delta

The emission factor method was used to estimate major air pollutant emissions of coal-fired power plant in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region of the year 2012. Results showed that emissions of SO₂, NO_x, dust, PM₁₀, PM_2.5 were respectively 473238, 1566195, 587713, 348773 and 179820 t. For SO₂ and NO_x, 300 MW and above class units made contributions of 85% and 82% in emission; while in the respect of dust, PM₁₀ and PM_2.5, contribution rates of 100 MW and below class units were respectively 81%, 53% and 40%. Considering the regional distribution, Jiangsu discharged the most, followed by Zhejiang, Shanghai. According to discharge data of several local power plants, we also calculated and made a comparative analysis of emission factors in different unit levels in Shanghai, which indicated a lower emission level. Assuming an equal level was reached in whole YRD, SO₂ emission would cut down 55.8%-65.3%; for NO_x and dust emissions were 50.5%-64.1% and 3.4%-11.3%, respectively. If technologies and pollution control of lower class units were improved, the emission cuts would improve. However, according to the pollution realities of YRD, we suggested to make a multiple-cuts plan, which could effectively improve the regional atmospheric environment.