Modelling remediation options for urban contamination situations |
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Authors: | K.M. Thiessen K.G. Andersson T.W. Charnock F. Gallay |
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Affiliation: | 1. SENES Oak Ridge, Inc., Center for Risk Analysis, 102 Donner Drive, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA;2. Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, Technical University of Denmark, P.O. Box 49, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark;3. Health Protection Agency (HPA), OX11 0RQ Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom;4. Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), BP 17-92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses, Cedex, France |
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Abstract: | The impact on a population from an event resulting in dispersal and deposition of radionuclides in an urban area could be significant, in terms of both the number of people affected and the economic costs of recovery. The use of computer models for assessment of urban contamination situations and remedial options enables the evaluation of a variety of situations or alternative recovery strategies in contexts of preparedness or decision-making. At present a number of models and modelling approaches are available for different purposes. This paper summarizes the available modelling approaches, approaches for modelling countermeasure effectiveness, and current sources of information on parameters related to countermeasure effectiveness. Countermeasure information must be applied with careful thought as to its applicability for the specific situation being modelled. Much of the current information base comes from the Chernobyl experience and would not be applicable for all types of situations. |
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Keywords: | Urban contamination Radioactivity Modelling Countermeasures Remediation Decontamination Dose reduction |
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