Historical perspectives on contemporary human–environment dynamics in southeast Africa |
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| Authors: | Kristina Douglass Jonathan Walz Eréndira Quintana Morales Richard Marcus Garth Myers Jacques Pollini |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Anthropology and Institutes for Energy and the Environment, The Pennsylvania State University, 321 Carpenter Building, University Park, PA, 16802 U.S.A.;2. SIT-Graduate Institute, 1 Kipling Road, Brattleboro, VT, 05301 U.S.A.;3. Department of Anthropology, Rice University, MS-20, 6100 Main Street, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, TX, 77251 U.S.A.;4. The Global Studies Institute, College of Liberal Arts, California State University Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, F01, MS 1802, Long Beach, CA, 90840 U.S.A.;5. Urban International Studies, Trinity College, 70 Vernon Street, Hartford, CT, 06106 U.S.A.;6. The Institutional Canopy of Conservation (I-CAN): Governance & Environmentality, Department of Anthropology, McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street W., Montreal, QC, H3A 0G4 Canada |
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| Abstract: | The human communities and ecosystems of island and coastal southeast Africa face significant and linked ecological threats. Socioecological conditions of concern to communities, governments, nongovernmental organizations, and researchers include declining agricultural productivity, deforestation, introductions of non-native flora and fauna, coastal erosion and sedimentation, damage to marine environments, illegal fishing, overfishing, waste pollution, salinization of freshwater supplies, and rising energy demands, among others. Human–environment challenges are connected to longer, often ignored, histories of social and ecological dynamics in the region. We argue that these challenges are more effectively understood and addressed within a longer-term historical ecology framework. We reviewed cases from Madagascar, coastal Kenya, and the Zanzibar Archipelago of fisheries, deforestation, and management of human waste to encourage increased engagement among historical ecologists, conservation scientists, and policy makers. These case studies demonstrate that by widening the types and time depths of data sets we used to investigate and address current socioecological challenges, our interpretations of their causes and strategies for their mitigation varied significantly. |
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| Keywords: | conservation fisheries forests historical ecology Madagascar southwest Indian Ocean waste Zanzibar bosques conservación desechos ecología histórica Madagascar pesquerías suroeste del oceáno Índico Zanzíbar |
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