Chemistry,Mineralogy and Morphology of Spodosols at Two Swedish Sites Used to Assess Methods of Counteracting Acidification |
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Authors: | Bain D C Tau Strand L Gustafsson J P Melkerud P-A Fraser A R |
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Institution: | (1) The Macaulay Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH, Scotland, UK (author for correspondence;(2) Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Agricultural University of Norway, N-1432 Ås, Norway;(3) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, KTH (Royal Institute of Technology), SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden;(4) Department of Forest Soils, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden |
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Abstract: | The chemistry, mineralogy and morphology of two soil profiles developed on till material of granitic and gneissic composition in south-western Sweden were studied in relation to podzolization processes. These soils were used for treatments with lime and wood ash. The profiles do not show characteristic Podzol morphology but qualify as Spodosols under Soil Taxonomy criteria and are probably typical for the coniferous forest soils of south-western Sweden. Podzolization features are clear but less well expressed than in classic Podzols. The distribution of major elements shows podzolization features with accumulation of sesquioxides in the B horizons and depletion in the eluvial horizons. Quartz and feldspars dominate the bulk soils reflecting the clear relationship between the composition of the soil and the underlying bedrock. Low amounts of clay contain an interlayered vermiculitic phase as the main phyllosilicate in which the degree of interlayering, known to be pH dependent, varies with depth and is at a maximum in the Bhs horizon. In the B horizons there are small but significant amounts of imogolite-type material which affect the adsorption of sulphate. |
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Keywords: | geochemistry imogolite-type materials podzolization Podzols soil clays soil mineralogy soil morphology soil profile development Spodosols till |
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