北京市延庆区道路扬尘排放特征及影响因素

采用AP-42方法对北京市延庆区不同等级道路采集了56个道路扬尘样品,调研了道路的车流量、车辆构成和道路长度等有关活动水平数据,计算了道路扬尘的排放因子和排放量,建立了延庆区道路扬尘的排放清单,并对道路扬尘的影响因素进行了分析。结果表明:高速路、国道、省道、县道、乡道和村道的平均积尘负荷分别为0.54、0.56、0.71、0.97、1.35和2.55 g/m ²;TSP、PM₁₀和PM_2.5的平均排放因子分别为16.95、3.25和0.78 g/(辆·km),排放量分别为48 507、9 311和2 255 t/a;路肩、稳定的路沿石和良好的路面条件会导致道路扬尘量减少,行驶里程较高的区域集中在城区和主要干道,这与道路扬尘日排放量分布几乎吻合。

Emission characteristics and impact factors of road fugitive dust in Yanqing District,Beijing City

56 fugitive dust samples from different levels of paved roads in Yanqing District of Beijing City were collected. Based on the collected activity data of vehicle flows, vehicle constitutes and road length, road fugitive dust emission factors and inventories of Yanqing District were developed following the AP-42 methodologies, and its impact factors were analyzed. The results showed that the average dust load were 0.54, 0.56, 0.71, 0.97, 1.35 and 2.55 g/m2 for highways, national roads, provincial roads, prefectural roads, rural and village roads, respectively. The average fugitive dust emission factors of total suspended particulate (TSP), PM10 and PM2.5 were 16.95, 3.25 and 0.78 g/km per vehicle, whose emission inventories were 48 507, 9 311 and 2 255 t/a, respectively. Road shoulders, stable roadsides and favorable road conditions could contribute to a reduction of road fugitive dust emission. Areas with high driving mileage were concentrated in urban areas and main roads, which was almost consistent with the distribution of road fugitive dust density.