建设项目对文物遗迹综合环境影响的组合赋权方法研究

建设项目对文物遗迹的环境影响评价是开展文物环境保护的基础性工作,目前的评价方法难以全面衡量建设项目施工、运营期间各因素对文物的综合环境影响以及建设项目对文物遗迹的影响水平。综合考虑建设项目施工和运营过程中的污染物排放因素,将文物保护单元作为评价受体,通过系统分析影响文物保护单元的主要环境污染因素,构建建设项目影响文物遗迹的概念模型,包括文物本质脆弱性、源特性、暴露特性和文物价值特性等4个层次18个评价指标的文物遗迹综合影响评价指标体系,并基于组合赋权法确定了各指标权重。采用构建的评价指标体系评价甘肃某预制厂建设项目对长城烽火台的综合影响,综合评价指数为4.160,表明该建设项目将对长城烽火台产生中等程度的影响。

A combination weighting method to evaluate the comprehensive environmental influence of construction project on cultural heritage

The cultural relics environment impact assessment is the basic work to carry out environmental protection of cultural relics for construction project. At present, it is difficult to fully measure the comprehensive environmental impact of various factors on cultural relics during the construction and operation of construction projects and the impact level of construction projects on cultural relics. Considering the pollution emission factors during construction and operation of construction projects, and taking the cultural relics protection unit as the evaluation acceptor, a conceptual model of the impact of construction projects on cultural relics was constructed. Through systematic analysis of the main environmental pollution factors affecting the cultural protection unit, a comprehensive influence evaluation system was established, including four levels of essential vulnerability, source characteristics, exposure characteristics and cultural relics value characteristics, with 18 indexes, and the weight of each index was determined based on the combination weighting method. The comprehensive influence of a precast plant construction project in Gansu on the Great Wall Beacon Tower was evaluated by the constructed evaluation index system. It showed that comprehensive evaluation index was 4.160, indicating that the construction project would have a moderate impact on Beacon Tower.