生态恢复过程中的种群遗传学考虑

生态恢复是生态科学的最终实验，从种群角度看，恢复的目标是使种群（尤其是优势种或建群种）到具有生长、繁殖和适应进化变化的能力。要达到这个目标，种群遗传学知识必不可少。遗传变异是物种适应变化环境的基础，而局部适应则是种群适应局部环境遗传分化的结果，它们在生态恢复中起着重要的作用。分析了生态恢复过程中影响种群遗传变异因素，主要有取样误差和小种群效应（主要是瓶颈或建立者事件及其以后的近交和漂变等），在进行

POPULATION GENETICS CONSIDERATIONS FOR ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION

Ecological restoration is the ultimate experiment of ecological science. From the view of population,a major goal of restoration is to restore the ability of growth reproduction migration and adaptive evolutionary change of populations especially those populations that are dominants or edificators of communities .To achieve this goal, one must have a knowledge of population genetics. Genetic variation is the base to adapt the changing environment, and local adaptation is the result of population genetics differentiation under heterozygos environment,both of which are important in ecological restoration.Several events,that affect genetic variation during ecological restoration,such as sampling error and small population size (bottleneck or founding event and subsequent inbreeding and genetic drift),were extensively discussed.Implications of local adaptation and some affecting evolutionary factors, such as selection and gene flow, were also discussed. Some suggestions and strategies were proposed for certain problems that may occur in the process of ecological restoration.