石家庄地区气温变化和热岛效应分析

选用石家庄地区17个气象观测站40年(1961-2000年)的平均气温资料,应用气候学、气候统计中的数学方法,对该地区的气温变化状况和城市热岛效应特征进行了分析.结果表明:40年里石家庄地区气温呈上升趋势,1981年是气温升高的显著跃变点;石家庄城市热岛效应明显,40年里热岛强度平均为0.59 ℃;其平均增温率为0.006 6 ℃/a,尤其是20世纪80年代以后,热岛强度增加趋势明显,1981-2000年热岛强度平均值较1961-1980年平均值升高了0.10 ℃;石家庄市热岛强度的增加与市区已建成区面积扩大有密切的关系. 

Study of Temperature Change and Heat Island Effect in Shijiazhuang Area

The change of temperature and the characteristics of the urban heat island effect were analyzed with climatology and statistic methods based on annual meteorological data from 1961 to 2000 at 17 stations in Shijiazhuang area. The results indicate that there was an increasing trend of temperature in Shijiazhuang in the 40 years, and 1981 is a break of the change of temperature; its urban heat island effect was obvious with average intensity of 0.59 ℃. The intensity was increasing at averagely 0.006 6 ℃ per years, and after 1980s’ it increased more remarkably. The average intensity of 1981—2000 increased by 0.10 ℃ compared with the counterpart of 1961—1980. The enhancement of urban heat island effect of Shijiazhuang is strongly relevant to the acreage of developed urban area.