Spatial and temporal variations and mobile source emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Quito, Ecuador |
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Authors: | Megan V Brachtl Carlos Paez Perez Jorge Oviedo |
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Institution: | a Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA b Corporación para el Mejoramiento del Aire de Quito (CORPAIRE), Av. Amazonas 29-25 e Inglaterra. 4th floor. Quito, Ecuador c Corporación Ecuatoriana de Biotecnología, Av. Colón 1468 y nueve de Octubre. Of. 508 Quito, Ecuador d School of Medicine, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA |
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Abstract: | Motor vehicles are a major source of air pollution in Quito, Ecuador; however, little work has been done to characterize spatial and temporal variations in traffic-related pollutants, or to measure pollutants in vehicle emissions. We measured PAH continuously for one year at two residential sites in Quito, and PAH and traffic patterns for one week near a busy roadway. Morning rush-hour traffic and temperature inversions caused daily PAH maxima between 06:00 and 08:00. SO2, NOx, CO, and PM2.5 behaved similarly. At the residential sites PAH levels during inversions were 2-3-fold higher than during the afternoon, and 10-16-fold higher than 02:00-03:00 when levels were lowest. In contrast, at the near-roadway site, PAH concentrations were 3-6-fold higher than at the residential sites, and the effects of inversions were less pronounced. Cars and buses accounted for >95% of PAH at the near-roadway site. Near-roadway PAH concentrations were comparable to other polluted cities. |
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Keywords: | Air pollution PAH Spatial and temporal variation Atmospheric inversions Vehicular exhaust emissions Quito Ecuador |
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