Adapting to climate change through local municipal planning: barriers and challenges |
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Authors: | Thomas G Measham Benjamin L Preston Timothy F Smith Cassandra Brooke Russell Gorddard Geoff Withycombe Craig Morrison |
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Institution: | (1) CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia;(2) Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA;(3) University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, QLD, 4558, Australia;(4) WWF-Australia, PO Box 528, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia;(5) Sydney Coastal Council Group, GPO Box 1591, Sydney, NSW, 2001, Australia |
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Abstract: | Municipal planning represents a key avenue for local adaptation, but is subject to recognised constraints. To date, these
constraints have focused on simplistic factors such as limited resources and lack of information. In this paper we argue that
this focus has obscured a wider set of constraints which need to be acknowledged and addressed if adaptation is likely to
advance through municipal planning. Although these recognised constraints are relevant, we argue that what underpins these
issues are more fundamental challenges affecting local, placed-based planning by drawing on the related field of community-based
environmental planning (CBEP). In considering a wider set of constraints to practical attempts towards adaptation, the paper
considers planning based on a case study of three municipalities in Sydney, Australia in 2008. The results demonstrate that
climate adaptation was widely accepted as an important issue for planning conducted by local governments. However, it was
yet to be embedded in planning practice which retained a strong mitigation bias in relation to climate change. In considering
the case study, we draw attention to factors thus far under-acknowledged in the climate adaptation literature. These include
leadership, institutional context and competing planning agendas. These factors can serve as constraints or enabling mechanisms
for achieving climate adaptation depending upon how they are exploited in any given situation. The paper concludes that, through
addressing these issues, local, place-based planning can play a greater role in achieving climate adaptation. |
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