灰霾天气成因危害及控制治理

随着经济社会发展、城市迅速扩大和城市化进程加快,大气气溶胶污染日趋严重,由气溶胶颗粒物造成能见度恶化事件越来越多,灰霾天气已成为一种常见环境灾害污染事件。简要概述了灰霾天气定义分级、分布特征与雾霾比较,深入研究了灰霾天气形成原因、影响因素与存在危害,系统探讨了灰霾天气控制措施、监测方法与治理对策。指出在现有灰霾天气成因危害及控制治理状况下,加强理念宣贯,建立预报预警,开展PM2.5防治,推进城区绿化,科学布设规划,可有效解决中国资源节约型、环境友好型、生态文明型可持续发展过程中所面临灰霾天气防控治理问题。

Hazard and Treatment of Haze Weather

With the development of economics and society, rapid expansion of cities and acceleration of urbanization, the pol- lution of atmospheric aerosol has become increasingly serious, leading to degradation of visibility. Haze weather has become a common environmental disaster. The definitions, classification, distribution characteristics and fog -haze comparison have been summarized briefly. The formation, influence factors and hazards of haze weather have been studied in depth. The control meas- urements, monitoring methods and treatment countermeasures of haze weather have been discussed systematically. It was pointed out that on the base of current situation, the problems in haze weather control encountered in constructing a resource - conserving, environment- friendly, ecological civilization and sustainable development country can be effectively solved by publicizing the concepts, establishing forecast and early warning systems, controlling PM2.5 , promoting urban greening and scientific lay -out.