城市住区空气负离子浓度时空变化及空气质量评价--以合肥市为例

以夏热冬冷地区合肥市为研究区域，从建筑布局、空间形态、建筑密度、交通路网、植物绿化等方面综合考虑城市住区的不同环境特征，选择12个样点进行实地观测，于2013年8至2014年1月进行了空气离子浓度、风速、温度、相对湿度等指标的实地测定，并对数据进行筛选分析得出结果，空气负离子浓度随季节变化较为明显，夏季最高，平均浓度约为358/cm3，秋季次之，平均浓度约为338/cm3，冬季最低，平均浓度约为322/cm3。总体看来，上午9：00─10：00和下午14：30─15：30区间空气负离子浓度最高，上午10：30和下午16：00─16：30区间空气负离子浓度相对较低。②自由式布局和具有较明显开敞空间的测试样点空气负离子浓度较高。夏季样点9空气负离子浓度最高，平均浓度为815/cm3；秋季样点12空气负离子浓度最高，平均浓度约为483/cm3；冬季样点9空气负离子浓度最高，平均浓度约为407/cm3。最后运用单极系数和安培空气质量评价指数对住区空气质量进行评价，得出住区环境的空气清洁度以允许和清洁为主，等级多分布在D级和B级。根据这些结果和分析得出以下结论：在不同的季节，住区室外环境的空气负离子浓度变化较为明显，夏季最高，冬季最低。②影响城市住区空气负离子浓度最主要气象因子是风速、温度和相对湿度，其中风速和温度与空气负离子浓度呈现出正相关，而相对湿度则总体趋势不明确。③采取层次丰富的植物结构有利于提高环境的空气负离子浓度。④空气负离子浓度与空气清洁度有着密切关系，不同的环境特征下空气清洁度存在差异。⑤以空气负离子浓度为参考标准指导并优化住区建筑布局，不仅有利于提高住区人居环境质量评价工作的科学管理水平，同时对于提高居民的健康水平和营造健康舒适的居住环境具有重要的?

Spatio-temporal Change of Negative Air Ion Concentration of Urban Residential Area and Air Quality Assessment--Case Study of Hefei City

The chosen area for experiments is Hefei city which is in Hot-Summer and Cold-Winter area, from the building layout, space form, building density, road network, green plants and other aspects of comprehensive consideration of different environmental characteristics of urban residential areas, twelve test samples are selected to field observations. During August 2013 to January 2014, air ions concentration, wind speed, temperature and relative humidity were measured, and screened and analyzed the data. It is concluded that, NAI concentration changes more obvious with the seasons, the highest in summer, the average concentration is about 358/cm3, autumn, the average concentration is about 338/cm3, the lowest in winter, the average concentration is about and 322/cm3. Overall, NAI concentration at 9：00-10：00 and 14：30-15：30 are the highest, at 10：30 and 16：00-16：30 are relatively low. ②NAI concentration of measured samples which have freestyle layout and the obvious open space are higher than others. In summer, the NAI concentration of measured sample 9 is the highest, the average concentration is about 815/cm-3, in autumn the NAI concentration of measured sample 12 is the highest, the average concentration is about 483/cm-3, in winter the NAI concentration of measured sample 9 is the highest, the average concentration is about 407/cm3. At last using monopole coefficient and Anbei air ion index of assessment to assess the air quality of the residential area environment, it is concluded that air cleanliness of the residential areas environment performance to allow and clean mainly, and distributed in the D and B grade level. Based on these results and analyzes the following conclusions show that： in different seasons, NAI concentration in residential outdoor environment changes more obviously, the highest in summer and lowest in winter. ②The most important meteorological factor affecting the NAI concentration are wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, where wind speed and temperature with NAI