Cleaner production in the ammonia-soda industry: an ecological and economic study |
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Authors: | Kasikowski T Buczkowski R Lemanowska E |
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Institution: | Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolas Copernicus University, ul. Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland. kasik@chem.uni-torun.pl |
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Abstract: | Five methods to reduce the negative influence of soda ash factories on the natural environment are presented: 1. obtaining calcium-magnesium phosphates by treating the suspension from raw brine purification with orthophosphoric acid (H(3)PO(4)), 2. production of precipitated chalk from soda processing waste, 3. production of gypsum and semi-brine, 4. desulphurisation of fume gases from the factory power plant, 5. utilization of distiller waste. The tests, accomplished on a laboratory scale, showed the high efficiency of these methods. Economic analysis has proved that only four out of the five presented processes can have a positive financial effect on soda ash factories, as well as being well justified economically. The value of two of the innovations presented is confirmed by their implementation in factories. |
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Keywords: | Solvay process Ammonia–soda industry innovations Waste utilization Clean technologies Cleaner production |
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