安徽省土壤氟含量及其赋存特征

氟是生态系统中一种重要微量元素，过量和不足都会影响人和动物健康，人体氟主要来自饮水和食物，土壤氟含量、形态以及土壤理化性质等影响着水和食物氟含量。以安徽省主要类型土壤为材料，采用连续化学提取的方法，测定了安徽省主要类型土壤全氟、水溶氟以及不同形态氟含量，分析了土壤氟形态与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明：安徽土壤全氟含量1066～1 2367 mg/kg，平均为4852 mg/kg，全氟含量高低排序为菜地土＞潮土＞石灰土＞黄棕壤＞黄褐土＞水稻土＞砂姜黑土＞黄红壤，成土母质是影响土壤全氟含量的主要因素。土壤水溶氟含量042～2248 mg/kg，平均为338 mg/kg，水溶氟含量高低排序为菜地土＞砂姜黑土＞潮土＞黄棕壤＞黄褐土＞水稻土＞石灰土＞黄红壤，北高南低。土壤氟主要赋存形态是矿物态氟，占土壤全氟95%以上，水溶氟、交换态氟、铁锰氧化物结合态氟和有机结合态氟占土壤全氟5%左右。土壤水溶性氟含量与土壤pH呈极显著正相关，与土壤全磷含量呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0660 2和0353 9，土壤交换态氟与土壤小于0001 mm土粒含量和土壤阳离子交换量呈显著正相关，相关系数分别为0338 4和0345 8，有机结合态氟与土壤有机含量呈极显著正相关，相关系数为0526 8

CONTENT OF FLUORINE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF FLUORINE FORMS IN SOILS OF ANHUI PROVINCE

Fluorine is an important trace element in the eco system，either the excess or the deficiency of fluorine can cause diseases in animals as well as humans In the human body，fluorine is derived mostly from the consumption of water and food，which is directly affected by the soil fluorine content，fluorine fractions and soil physical chemical properties，especially soil soluble fluorine content In this paper，fluorine content in the soils collected from Anhui province was studied using sequential chemical extraction procedure，and correlation analysis was also conducted to determine the relationships between soil fluorine fractions and soil physico chemical properties The results showed that total fluorine content in soils was 1066-1 2367mg/kg with a mean value of 4852 mg/kg The order of the soil total fluorine content of different soil types was vegetable soil>fluvo aquic soil>lime soil>yellow brown soil>yellow cinnamon soil>paddy soil>shajiang black soil>yellow red soil Soil parental material was the main contributing factor affecting the soil total fluorine content Our results showed that the soil total fluorine content was in accordance with its parental materials in the following order from high to low：Huanghe river alluvium>shallow limnetic facies sediment>limestone efflorescence>granite efflorescence>Changjiang alluvium>Late pleistocene loess>river alluvial deposit>Huaihe alluvium>drift deposit>Quaternary red earth In vegetable soils，besides soil parental materials，the total fluorine content in the top soil was also affected by the addition of F containing phosphate fertilizers，pesticides and high fluoride irrigation water The soluble fluorine content of the soils in Anhui province was 042-2248 mg/kg with a mean value of 338 mg/kg The soluble fluorine content order in these soils was vegetable soil>shajiang black soil>fluvo aquic soil>yellow brown soil>yellow cinnamon soil>paddy soil>lime soil>yellow red soil Fluorine forms in soils were separated into five fractions：water soluble fluorine，exchangeable fluorine，fluorine bound to Fe/Mn oxides，fluorine bound to organic matter and mineral fluorine Mineral fluorine was the majority of fluorine，accounting for over 95% of total fluorine The left 5% fluorine existed as the forms of soluble fluorine，organic fluorine compound，Fe，Mn oxides fluorine and exchangeable fluorine The content of total fluorine was positive correlative with content of soil total phosphor and soil clay （<0001 mm），and the coefficient was 0331 5 and 0312 4 respectively The content of water soluble fluorine was significantly correlated with soil pH value，and also was positive correlative with soil total phosphor，the coefficient was 0660 2 and 0353 9 respectively The content of exchangeable fluorine was positive correlative with soil clay （<0001mm） JP]and soil cation exchange capacity， the coefficient was 0338 4 and 0345 8 respectively Organic fluorine was significantly positive correlative with soil organic matter，and the coefficient was 0526 8.