How Probability Survey Data Can Help Integrate 305(b) and 303(d)Monitoring and Assessment of State Waters |
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| Authors: | Barbara S. Brown Naomi E. Detenbeck Richard Eskin |
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| Affiliation: | (1) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA;(2) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, Minnesota, USA;(3) Maryland Department of the Environment, Technical and Regulatory Services Administration, 2500 Broening Highway, Baltimore, Maryland, USA |
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| Abstract: | Section 305(b) of the United States’ Clean Water Act (CWA) requires states to assess the overall quality of waters in the states, while Section 303(d) requires states to develop a list of the specific waters in their state not attaining water quality standards (a.k.at impaired waters). An integrated, efficient and cost-effective process is needed to acquire and assess the data needed to meet both these mandates. A subset of presentations at the 2002 Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Symposium provided information on how probability data, tools and methods could be used by states and other entities to aid in development of their overall assessment of condition and list of impaired waters. Discussion identified some of the technical and institutional problems that hinder the use of EMAP methods and data in the analysis to identify impaired waters as well as development needs to overcome these problems. |
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| Keywords: | Clean Water Act 305(b) 303(d) EMAP impaired waters integrated assessment monitoring |
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