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缓释氮肥对菊芋生长季土壤CH4和N2O排放的影响
引用本文:王浩成,陈楠楠,周超,张令,刘树伟,邹建文.缓释氮肥对菊芋生长季土壤CH4和N2O排放的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2012,28(4):343-348.
作者姓名:王浩成  陈楠楠  周超  张令  刘树伟  邹建文
作者单位:南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京,210095
摘    要:设置尿素+硝化抑制剂(U+DCD)、尿素+脲酶抑制剂(U+HQ)、脲甲醛(UF)、钙镁磷肥包膜尿素(CM-CU)、树脂包膜尿素(PCU)、硫包尿素(SCU)6种缓释氮肥处理以及普通尿素(U)处理,在江苏大丰进行小区试验,采用静态箱-气相色谱法同步观测沿海滩涂能源植物——菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus)生长季土壤的CH4和N2O排放通量及其减排潜力。结果表明,在2010年整个菊芋生长季,U、PCU、UF、SCU、CMCU、U+HQ和U+DCD处理土壤CH4排放总量依次为1.25、0.59、0.43、0.27、0.25、0.26和-0.21 kg.hm-2。与普通尿素处理相比,除U+DCD处理外,其余施用缓释氮肥处理可使CH4排放量减少53%~80%。生长季PCU、SCU、CMCU、U、UF、U+HQ和U+DCD处理的N2O排放总量分别为2.94、2.44、2.27、2.24、1.77、1.47和1.34 kg.hm-2。与普通尿素处理相比,施用化学型缓释氮肥(U+DCD、U+HQ和UF处理)使N2O排放量减少21%~40%,而施用物理型缓释氮肥(CM-CU、PCU和SCU处理)则使N2O排放量增加1%~31%。从全球增温潜势看,各化学型缓释氮肥处理均表现出显著的减排效果。

关 键 词:缓释氮肥  滩涂  能源植物  菊芋  CH4  N2O  温室气体

Effect of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers on CH4 and N2O Emissions From Helianthus tuberosus Field on Tidal Flat During Growing Season
WANG Hao-cheng , CHEN Nan-nan , ZHOU Chao , ZHANG Ling , LIU Shu-wei , ZOU Jian-wen.Effect of Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers on CH4 and N2O Emissions From Helianthus tuberosus Field on Tidal Flat During Growing Season[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2012,28(4):343-348.
Authors:WANG Hao-cheng  CHEN Nan-nan  ZHOU Chao  ZHANG Ling  LIU Shu-wei  ZOU Jian-wen
Institution:(College of Resources and Environmental Science,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)
Abstract:A field experiment,designed to have seven treatments,i.e.U+DCD(urea plus dicyandiamide),U+HQ(urea plus hydroquinone),UF(urea formaldehyde),CMCU(Ca-Mg-P-coated urea),PCU(polymer-coated urea),SCU(sulfur-coated urea) and CK or U(urea),was conducted to explore effects of some typical slow-release fertilizers on methane(CH4) and nitrous oxide(N2O) emissions from Helianthus tuberosus fields on tidal flat in Dafeng of Jiangsu Province during its growing season in 2010.Fluxes of CH4 and N2O emissions from the field were measured simultaneously with static chamber-GC method.Results show that in terms of seasonal CH4 emission,the 7 treatments followed the order of U>PCU>UF>SCU>CMCU>U+HQ>U+DCD,emitting 1.25,0.59,0.43,0.27,0.25,0.26 and-0.21 kg·hm-2,respectively.Compared with urea,the slow/controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers reduced seasonal CH4 emissions by about 53%-80%,but did not vary much among themselves.In terms of seasonal N2O emission,the treatments followed the order of PCU>SCU>CMCU>U>UF>U+HQ>U+DCD,emitting 2.94,2.44,2.27,2.24,1.77,1.47 and 1.34 kg·hm-2,respectively.Relative to urea,chemically-altered fertilizers reduced seasonal N2O emission by 21%-40%,whereas physically-altered fertilizers increased total N2O emission by 1%-31%.The findings suggest that from the aspect of the global warming potential,all the chemically altered nitrogen fertilizers display significant emission reducing effect.
Keywords:slow-released fertilizer  coastal area  energy plant  Helianthus tuberosus  CH4  N2O  greenhouse gas
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