铁路隧道救援站火灾模拟实验平台设计及细水雾系统抑制车厢火灾的模拟实验研究

按照1：1尺度设计了实验平台,包括模拟隧道、模拟列车、排烟系统、火灾监控系统、火灾扑救系统以及火灾参数测量系统,是国内第一个专门对铁路隧道救援站的火灾安全性进行系统研究的全尺寸实验平台。实验平台可实现温度场、燃烧成分、火源热辐射等关键参数的测量;可研究不同工况条件下,火灾监控、火灾扑救技术和烟气控制技术的有效性,为发现火灾特征参数的演变规律和掌握有效的火灾控制技术提供了一整套解决方案,具有广阔的应用前景和重要的实际指导意义。本文建立并利用这样一个全尺寸实验平台进行了细水雾灭火系统抑制车厢火灾的模拟实验研究,获取温度、有毒有害气体浓度、热辐射等火场重要参数,发现细水雾灭火系统可有效的抑制车厢火灾,并验证了此实验平台用于铁路隧道内列车火灾实验研究的可行性和有效性。

Design of the simulation platform of fire rescue of the railway and simulation study of carriage fire inhibition by water mist system

In this paper,the experimental platform,including simulations of tunnel,rescue centre and platform,train,smoke exhaustion system,fire monitoring system,fire suppression system and fire measurement system,was designed in 1∶1 full scale.It was the first professional platform in China designed for the investigation of fire rescue in tunnel.A series of solutions were given on how to improve the effectiveness of fire monitoring,fire supersession and smoke control under different velocities of air flow in the tunnel.The temperature field,toxic gas concentration and heat radiation in overlong tunnels were also investigated.In addition,fire suppression experiment with water mist was also carried out in order to prove the feasibility and effectiveness of the platform.The data of temperature,toxic gas concentration and heat radiation intensity were obtained,showing that water mist could suppress fire effectively.