用于农村厕所黑水处理的铱钽涂层电极的优化制备及其对析氯性能的影响

农村厕所黑水通常采用生物法进行处理，存在处理效果不稳定、运行管理复杂等问题。通过对传统钛铱电极进行优化制备，成功构筑了铱钽涂层系列电极 (Tx) 和铱钽锡锑钴涂层系列电极 (Cx) 。利用电化学原位产氯，实现了有机物的氧化降解并同步去除氨氮。优化电极复合氧化物涂层的配方，发现喷涂T3电极 (IrTa氧化物涂层0.6 mg·cm⁻²，Ti氧化物涂层0.75 mg·cm⁻²) 在2.4 V的工作电压下表现了最高效的净水效能，60 min内去除了厕所黑臭水生化处理出水50%的COD。系统研究了表面清洁工艺和烧结工艺对电极析氯效能的影响，发现喷砂结合酸洗的表面清洁过程、滚涂的涂层固定过程、500 °C的烧结过程构筑的T3电极具有最高的析氯效能和强化寿命。本研究为分散式污水排放存在的富营养化问题提供了可行的解决思路。

Optimized preparation of iridium-tantalum coated electrodes for black water treatment in rural toilets and its effect on chlorine evolution performance

Black and odorous sewage of rural toilets is commonly treated by biological methods, which suffer from unstable treatment efficiency and complicated operation management. In this study, an iridium-tantalum coated series electrode (Tx) and an iridium-tantalum tin-antimony-cobalt coated series electrode (Cx) were successfully constructed by optimizing the preparation of traditional titanium-iridium electrodes. The oxidative degradation of organic matter and simultaneous removal of ammonia nitrogen were achieved using electrochemical in situ chlorine production. By optimizing the formulation of the electrode composite oxide coating, it was found that the fully sprayed T3 electrode (IrTa oxide coating 0.6 mg·cm−2, Ti oxide coating 0.75 mg·cm−2) exhibited the highest water purification efficiency under a working voltage of 2.4 V, removing 50% of the COD from rural black water within 60 minutes. The surface cleaning process and sintering process were systematically studied on the chlorine production efficiency of the electrode, and it was found that the T3 electrode constructed by sand blasting combined with acid cleaning surface cleaning process, roller coating fixed process, and sintering process at 500 °C had the highest chlorine production efficiency and enhanced service life. This study provides a feasible solution for the eutrophication problem of decentralized sewage discharge.