化学品活性反应危险性表征方法研究

通过对国内外典型活性化学反应事故的研究,在传统和通用的化学反应危险性评价表征方法的基础上,提出使用化学反应的最大功密度表征化学反应热危险性的新方法。该方法将化学反应的热力学参数和动力学参数相结合,全面表征了反应过程的热危险性。采用加速量热仪模拟硝酸铵、过氧化氢,以及多种有机过氧化物的绝热反应放热情况,并运用测得的参数,计算得到其最大功密度,并与传统动力学计算方法得到的结果进行比较。根据对实验和计算结果的分析证明:利用最大功密度的方法评价化学反应的危险性更符合化学反应的实际情况,该方法为化学品安全生产提供可靠的技术支持。

Research on Characterization of Chemical Reactive Hazards

A novel method of characterization for thermal risk of chemical reaction by maximal power density was presented through studying several classic reactive chemical accidents at home and abroad. The reaction parameters of thermodynamics and dynamics were combined to reflect the thermal risk of reactions properly. The heat release of Ammonium nitrate,Hydrogen peroxide and several Organic peroxides were detected with ARC,the test results were used to obtain the maximal power density,which are more real than the results calculated by old method,could provide technical supports for safety production of chemicals.