危险品道路运输选线问题分析

从运输网、运输危险源、影响区域3方面提出了危险品道路运输风险分析的框架.将道路固有特征、气象条件、交通状况和人口密度分布等风险减缓或扩大因素划分为8类,重点讨论了主要路线的自变量和因变量因素.采用双层选线管理模式,深入分析了最小化运输事故概率和暴露人口风险模型.应用权数调整节点标号算法和边线标号算法解决危险品道路运输选线问题.对影响区暴露人口的选取做了深入探讨,考虑了邻接交迭路段暴露人数的误差,对准确计算危险品运输风险有重要价值.

On route-choice analysis of hazardous materials transportation

This paper intends to introduce the author's analysis on the general framework of hazardous materials (hazmat) risk during the road transportation that may be caused by the route choice, the vehicle or traveling risk source and the impact area. It has mainly discussed the route-independent and route-dependent factors, including the factors correlated to intrinsic road characteristics, meteorological conditions, traffic characteristics and the population density. As is known, the risk analysis is of the premise to the hazmat optimal routing, which is of utmost importance both to the decision-making of government and the carrier itself. The present paper has also discussed the importance of the bi-level routing management model while giving a detailed analysis on the possibilities to minimize the accident probabilities and population exposure models. And, in final analysis, the hazmat routing problem can be resolved with impedance-adjusting node-labeling shortest path-selection algorithm and link-labeling shortest path-selection algorithm. Moreover, a detailed study on the population exposure zone has also been done, taking full account into the error terms of the overlaps between adjacent links, which is also worthy of careful calculation.