生物炭配施磷肥对土壤养分、酶活性及紫花苜蓿养分吸收的影响

生物炭作为一种既能单独施用,又能与化肥共同施用的土壤改良剂,在农业生产实践中被广泛施用.然而,关于不同粒径生物炭与磷肥联合施用对土壤和植物的影响研究较少.采用盆栽试验,研究在两个磷水平下,不同粒径生物炭对土壤养分、酶活性以及紫花苜蓿养分吸收的影响[生物炭根据直径分为：C1(>1 mm)和C2(<0.01 mm)这两种处理].结果表明,生物炭和磷联合施用显著提高了土壤养分、酶活性和苜蓿养分吸收;其中,C2处理显著提高了土壤有效磷含量(P<0.05)和磷酸酶活性(P<0.01),而C1处理对铵态氮、硝态氮、脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性有显著影响(P<0.05).并且,不同粒径生物炭处理间的养分及酶的差异受到土壤磷水平的影响,P0水平下,C1和C2处理的铵态氮和硝态氮含量并没有显著差异;而在P1水平下,C1处理的铵态氮和硝态氮含量比C2处理高24.19%和18.68%(P<0.05),但C1和C2处理的有效磷之间并无显著差异;磷添加显著提高了苜蓿地上和地下部的N和P含量(P<0.05),但是不同粒径生物炭之间苜蓿养分含量并没有显著影响.综上所述,生物炭与磷肥...

Effect of Biochar with Phosphorus Fertilizer on Soil Nutrients, Enzyme Activity, and Nutrient Uptake of Alfalfa

Biochar is widely used in agricultural production practices as a soil conditioner that can be used both alone and jointly with chemical fertilizer. However, there are few studies on the effects of the combined application of biochar and phosphate fertilizer with different particle sizes on soil and plants. In this experiment, pot experiments were used to study the effects of biochar with different particle sizes on soil nutrients, enzyme activity, and Alfalfa nutrient absorption under two phosphorus levels (according to diameter, the biochar was divided into C1:>1 mm and C2:<0.01 mm). This study showed that the combined application of biochar and phosphorus significantly improved soil nutrients, enzyme activity, and Alfalfa nutrient absorption. Among them, the C2 treatment significantly increased the soil available phosphorus content and phosphatase activity (P<0.05), whereas the C1 treatment had a significant effect on ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, urease, and catalase activities (P<0.05). Moreover, the differences in nutrients and enzymes among biochar treatments with different particle sizes were affected by soil phosphorus levels. At the P0 level, there was no significant difference in ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contents between the C1 and C2 treatments. At the P1 level, the contents of NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^--N in the C1 treatment were 24.19% and 18.68% higher than those in the C2 treatment (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the C1 and C2 treatments. Phosphorus addition significantly increased the N and P contents of Alfalfa above ground and in the ground (P<0.05), but there was no significant effect on the nutrient content of Alfalfa between different particle sizes of biochar. In conclusion, biochar and phosphate fertilizer can be used as an effective means of soil improvement. In addition, when using biochar for soil improvement, the impact of particle size on soil nutrients and soil enzymes should be considered.