典型工业区地下水细菌群落多样性特征与环境因子响应初探

为探究上海市典型工业区地下水细菌群落组成结构和多样性，采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术，结合地下水三氮、重金属和有机物等指标分析，探讨典型行业地下水细菌群落与环境因子的关联性及响应机制.结果表明，石油化工业地下水的氨氮(NH⁺₄-N)显著高于纺织业、金属制品业和其他行业(P<0.05),分别高出64.49%、 32.46%和113.91%;有机物主要检出指标为总石油烃(TPH)和挥发酚，石油化工业的地下水挥发酚浓度显著高于纺织业、金属制品业和其他行业(P<0.05);金属制品业砷(As)浓度显著高于石油化工业和其他行业(P<0.05),分别高出49.26%和50.59%;氯化物(Cl^-)、锰(Mn)和硫酸盐(SO₄^2-)等在不同行业中都存在显著性差异(P<0.05).纺织业地下水细菌群落Shannon指数最高，达到3.14,金属制品业地下水Shannon指数和Ace指数最低，分别为2.42和960.46.工业区地下水细菌中优势菌门为变形菌门...

Correlation Between the Diversity Characteristics of Groundwater Bacterial Community and Environmental Factors in Typical Industrial Areas

In order to investigate the composition and diversity of groundwater bacterial communities in typical industrial areas in Shanghai, the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput technology was adopted to explore the correlation and response mechanism of groundwater bacterial communities and environmental factors in typical industries, combined with the analysis of groundwater tri-nitrogen, heavy metals, organic matter, and other indicators. The results showed that the ammonia nitrogen in the groundwater of the petrochemical industry was 64.49%, 32.46%, and 113.91% higher than that of the textile industry, metal products industry, and other industries (P<0.05), respectively. The main detectable indicators of organic matter were total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and volatile phenol. The mass concentration of volatile phenol in groundwater of the petrochemical industry was significantly higher than that of the textile industry, metal products industry, and other industries (P<0.05). The mass concentration of arsenic in the metal products industry was 49.26% and 50.59% higher than that in the petrochemical industry and other industries (P<0.05), respectively. Chloride, manganese, sulfate, etc., were significantly different in different industries (P<0.05). The Shannon index of groundwater in the textile industry was the highest at 3.14, whereas the Shannon index and Ace index of the groundwater in the metal products industry were as low as at 2.42 and 960.46, respectively. The dominant bacterial phylum in groundwater in the industrial area was Proteobacteria, accounting for 80.05%-86.18%. Arsenic, mercury, TPH, etc. were the main influencing factors in groundwater in industrial areas, whereas the nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, and organic matter-degrading bacteria were mostly related to groundwater environmental factors. The results of this study can provide theoretical support for groundwater pollution risk management and microbial remediation in petrochemical and metal product industrial areas.