云地闪电放电参量估算研究

对地闪放电参量的估算主要是利用雷电电磁场与电流的关系，通过一定的通道模型从观测到的电磁场数据来反演得到回击电流峰值等特征量。当观测距离远大于通道高度时，利用回击天线模型与随高度指数衰减的传输线电流模型（MTL）相结合得到远场近似公式；当观测距离较近时，利用“先导-回击模型”得到近场近似公式。并分别估算了回击电流峰值与回击中和的电荷量等放电参量，得到与实测数据相一致的结果．说明了近似公式的可靠性．

Research on Estimation of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Discharges Parameters

Cloud-to-ground lightning discharge parameters were estimated based on the relationship between the lightning electromagnetic field and current. According to the observed data of electromagnetic field, the return stroke current peak etc. was obtained by the channel model. When the distance of observation is far larger than the height of channel, the approximate expression for lightning electric field in far-field is obtained by the return stroke antenna model and Modified Transmission Lines （MTL） which is exp-attenuation followed height. When the distance of observation is near, the approximate expression for lightning electric field in near-field is obtained by ＂leader-return stroke model＂. The return stroke current peak and the charge amount was calculated and compared with the measured data. It was proved that the approximate expressions are reasonable.