基于民生满意度的资源型城市转型绩效测度及群体差异研究——以湖北省黄石市为例

民生满意度评价是资源型城市转型绩效测度的终端体现,对于改善转型绩效、促进资源型城市可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。论文以民生满意度为视角,从居民生计、公共服务、民生环境、文化消费4个方面构建资源型城市转型绩效测度指标体系,采用专家群决策及AHP方法确定指标权重,运用顾客满意度评价法对黄石这一典型资源型城市转型绩效进行测度并进一步揭示被调查群体的差异特征。研究结果表明:1)基于民生满意度的黄石市转型绩效测度值为4.17,总体上处于"优秀"等级水平,但在某些局部指标上仍略显不足;2)黄石市转型绩效存在由被调查者特征而引起的群体和区域差异:不同性别、年龄、文化程度、职业类别、家庭年经济收入群体对转型民生满意度评价不同,并呈现一定规律;从区域差异来看,铁山区、大冶市等传统老矿区依托国家资源型城市转型政策支持,转型民生满意度绩效值相对较高,西塞山区、下陆区、黄石港区等中心城区历史包袱沉重、转型升级民生满意度暂时落后,以阳新为代表的农业县市,民众对于转型的认知和感受相对滞后,转型升级民生满意度居末;3)黄石市转型的民生满意度赋值与其物质产出绩效具有一致性。

Research on Performance Measure and Group Difference during Transformation of Resource-based Cities Based on Livelihood Satisfaction—A Case Study of Huangshi City in Hubei Province

People’s livelihood satisfaction is the ultimate measure of the performance during transformation of resource-based cities. Evaluating people’s livelihood satisfaction is significant to measure the performance and sustainable development of resource-based cities. From the perspective of livelihood satisfaction, this paper establishes an indicators system to measure the performance during the transformation of resource-based cities, which was built on four indices of residential livelihood, public services, livelihood environment and cultural consumption. Expert group decision making and AHP method are used to determine the weights of indices, then customer satisfaction index method is used to measure the transformation performance of resource-based cities. The results show: 1) The total measure of transformation performance in Huangshi city based on people’s livelihood satisfaction is 4.17, at the level of “excellent”, but there are still some indicators need to be improved. 2) There are group differences and regional differences of livelihood satisfaction in Huangshi resulted from characteristics of respondents. There are diversity of people’s livelihood satisfaction with transformation caused by differences in gender, age, educational level, occupational category, annual household income of respondents. From the view of regional differences, in traditional old mining areas, such as Tieshan and Daye, the livelihood satisfaction with transformation appears relatively high due to the support of national policy for the transformation of resource-based cities. In downtown area, such as Xisaishan, Xialu and Huangshi Port, the livelihood satisfaction is low. In agricultural areas such as Yangxin, people have the lowest satisfaction with the transformation. 3) The evaluation based on livelihood satisfaction is consistent with the material output performance in Huangshi.