中国喀喇昆仑山珍稀濒危植物及特有种的生态地理分布

论文通过野外调查,对喀喇昆仑山区珍稀濒危植物及特有种的生态地理分布进行研究,结果表明：区内珍稀濒危植物共计34种,隶属15科18属,其中,国家重点保护野生植物16种,新疆重点保护野生植物18种;区内特有植物12科24属32种,其中,新疆特有种30种,西藏特有种2种;部分新疆特有种分布区呈趋异变化,昆仑独行菜（Lepidium kunlunshanicum G. L. Zhou et Z. X. An）、黄花点地梅（Androsace flavescens Maxim.）、密穗早熟禾（Poa spiciformis D.F.Cui）分布区扩展至西藏,绿叶柳（Salix metaglauca C. Y. Yang）、昆仑方枝柏（Sabina centrasiatica Kom）、阿克赛钦雪灵芝（Arenaria aksayqingensis L. H. Zhou）分布区缩减呈现濒危;研究区珍稀濒危及特有种水平分布以塔什库尔干县为中心,自西北向东南渐少。垂直分布集中于海拔 3 000~4 500 m的范围,且以多年生草本为主,兼具灌木和乔木类型。

Eco-geographic Distributions of Rare and Endangered Plants and Endemisc Species in Karakorum Mountains of China

Based on the field investigation and botany taxonomy method, the eco-geographic distribution of rare and endangered plants and endemisc plants in Karakorum Mountains of China were studied. The results indicate that: there are 34 species of rare and endangered plants in Karakorum Mountains belonging to 18 genera and 15 families, among which 16 species are national key protected plants, 18 species are key protected plants in Xinjiang. There are 32 endemic species in Karakorum Mountains belonging to 24 genera and 12 families, among which 30 species are endemic species in Xinjiang, two species are endemic species in Tibet. The distributions of three endemic species in Xinjiang have spread to Tibet, which are Lepidium kunlunshanicum G. L. Zhou et Z. X. An, Poa spiciformis D. F. Cui and Androsace flavescens Maxim. The distribution area of three endemic species in Xinjiang has decreased, which are Salix metaglauca C. Y. Yang, Sabina centrasiatica Kom and Arenaria aksayqingensis L. H. Zhou. The horizontal distribution of rare and endangered species and endemic species decreases from the northwest to the southeast, and the vertical distribution concentrates at the altitude of 3 000-4 500 m where perennial herb are the main species with a few shrubs and trees.