农业生物质炭固碳潜力及经济效益分析——以山西省为例

随着温室气体减排和低碳发展的要求,生物质炭作为农业固碳的新型技术引起人们的关注。固碳潜力评价和经济效益分析是生物质炭规模化开发利用的基础。论文利用“生物质资源—固碳潜力—经济效益”集成评估方法,以山西省为研究区域,估算了农业生物质的固碳潜力和经济效益。结果显示：山西省3种生物质资源（农作物秸秆、禽畜粪便和作物加工副产品）的固碳总潜力为1 228.10×10⁴ t CO₂当量,约占2014年山西省全年碳排放总量的2.5%。在2014年碳均价和碳高价情形下,农作物秸秆和作物加工副产品实现了正效益,每t原料综合效益分别为8.09和21.79元。全年3种生物质炭固碳综合效益为0.44×10⁸~2.80×10⁸元,证实了山西省生物质固碳技术的经济可行性。

Carbon Sequestration Potential and Economic Analysis of Agricultural Biochar—A Case Study in Shanxi Province

Under the pressure of emission reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) and low-carbon development, biochar has attracted wide attention as a new agricultural carbon-sequestration technology. This paper reports a case study about the carbon sequestration potential and economics of biomass pyrolysis products which are the basis of large-scale development and utilization of biomass resources. The study examines whether biochar can be applied for carbon abatement in Shanxi and to what extent it brings economic benefits using an evaluation method integrating biomass resources, carbon abatement potential and economic benefits. The results show that the three main feed stocks offset about 12.28 million tons of equivalent CO₂, which approximately accounts for 2.5% of total carbon emissions in Shanxi in 2014. Biomass resources have positive economic profitability. For example, crop straw and agricultural byproducts are around 8.09 RMB yuan and 21.79 RMB yuan per ton of raw material in terms of average and the highest GHG price in 2014, respectively. The total economic value of the three types of biochar ranges from 43.69 million RMB yuan to 280.10 million RMB yuan, showing the economic feasibility of biochar technique in Shanxi. Further study should focus on characteristic parameters estimation, default value screening, cost fluctuation effects and different utilization approaches to improve the applicability and accuracy of the method.