土地整治项目区耕地资源优化配置研究

耕地细碎化会导致农业生产效率降低、土地利用可持续性下降、耕地撂荒增多等多种农业问题,土地整治是当前中国改善耕地细碎化的重要途径之一。为探索适宜的土地整治计量模型以解决耕地资源优化配置问题,基于多目标线性规划,从工程设计、权属调整、地块分配三方面构建土地整治项目区耕地资源优化配置模型,并选取典型土地整治项目进行案例分析。研究结果表明：通过模型优化,案例区农业生产消耗降低了20.41%、地块平均规模增大了53.72%、户均地块数降低了34.92%,平均耕作距离减小了68.17%,可促进耕地细碎化问题的改善,有利于农业生产效率的提升。研究对丰富土地整治规划设计方法,推动耕地细碎化问题解决具有参考和借鉴意义。

Optimized allocation of cultivated land in land consolidation project area based on multi-objective linear programming

Fragmentation of cultivated land will lead to the reduction of agricultural production efficiency, the decline of land use sustainability and the shortage of cultivated land. Land consolidation is one of the important ways to improve the fragmentation of cultivated land in China. In order to explore suitable land consolidation model to solve the problem of optimal allocation of cultivated land resources, this study constructs a model of optimal allocation of cultivated land resources based on multi-objective linear programming model from three aspects: engineering design, ownership adjustment and plots allocation, and selects a typical land consolidation project for case analysis. Then it compares the model optimization and actual land consolidation results with the pre-consolidation from the aspects of agricultural production consumption, improvement of arable land morphology and location, and ownership status. The results show that: (1) Through the optimization of the model, the agricultural cost in the project area, the average number of plots per farmer, and the average cultivation distance decreased by 20.41%, 34.92%, and 68.17%, respectively, while the average size of the plot increased by 53.72%. The fragmentation of cultivated land is reduced and the agricultural production efficiency is improved. However, compared with the typical foreign land consolidation project, there is still much room for improvement in the allocation of cultivated land. (2) The current land consolidation methods have played a positive role in increasing the average size of plots and improving the shape of plots. However, there are still deficiencies in reducing the farming distance of farmers, increasing the adjacency of cultivated roads, and promoting the concentration of cultivated land property rights. (3) Combining land consolidation with land ownership adjustment plays an important role in reducing the agricultural production consumption caused by land fragmentation and inconvenient farming and improving agricultural production efficiency. The research is of significance for enriching planning and designing methods of land consolidation and promoting the solution to the issue of fragmentation of cultivated land.