基于改进多边形面积法的城市土地立体化利用潜力评价——以深圳市为例

土地立体化利用潜力评价对于引导土地科学管理与城市可持续发展具有重要意义。论文采用改进多边形面积法,构建基于社会经济现状、土地利用现状、综合发展机会和生态环境约束4个维度要素的土地立体化利用潜力评价指数,并以深圳市为示范区进行验证。结果表明：改进多边形面积法能较好地反映各个维度要素的不完全替代关系并突出多种要素的协同作用效果;结合区域差异以权重矩阵代替单一权重系数,能更有针对性地评价土地立体化利用潜力;深圳市土地立体化利用潜力由南向北、由西向东递减,高潜力区域面积占全市建成区面积的26.46%,且呈现整体分散、局部集聚的特征;识别中心城区和前海-后海片区为极高潜力区域,与深圳市实际发展情况基本一致。

Potentiality Evaluation of Three-dimensional Urban Land Use Based on Improved Polygon Area Method—A Case Study of Shenzhen

Reasonable evaluation of the potentiality of three-dimensional land use can promote the fine management of land use, thus it is of great significance to scientific land management and sustainable urban development. Based on four factors, i.e., social and economic status, land use status, comprehensive development opportunity and eco-environmental restriction, an evaluation system with 13 elements was established and indices were calculated with improved polygon area method to evaluate the potentiality of three-dimensional land use. Multiple-source data, such as statistical yearbook data, census data, land use survey data and building survey data, were used to support the analysis. The method was conducted in Shenzhen to validate the effectiveness of the evaluation. For a more accurate evaluation, Delphi method was used in each of the 11 city clusters to determine the relative importance of different factors on the three-dimensional land use in each region, since the dominant functions of different regions were different. The result showed that: the improved polygon area method could reflect the incomplete substitution relation and emphasize synergistic effect between different factors very well. It could be more pertinent to evaluate the potentiality in a region by using a weight matrix adjusted by the regional difference instead of using a uniform weight. From the perspective of single dimension, regions with the best social and economic status gathered in the central urban area of Shenzhen; regions with high score of land use status were disperse; Qianhai-Houhai area and Longgang Center area were regions with greater comprehensive development opportunity; the eco-environmental restriction of urban built-up area near the basic ecological control line could be more strict and less suitable for three-dimensional land use. Overall, the potentiality of three-dimensional land use in Shenzhen decreased from south to north and from west to east. High potentiality areas accounted for 26.46% of build-up areas (extremely high potentiality areas accounted for 8.65%) and showed overall pattern of dispersion with local clusters. Low potentiality areas accounted for 32.21% of build-up areas and mainly located at the periphery part of urban build-up areas. The central urban area and Qianhai-Houhai area were detected as the highest potential areas. In addition, Longhua-Bantian-Buji area, Longgang Center area, Sha Tau Kok and Baoan Airport New Town were regions with higher potentiality of three-dimensional land use. In a word, the improved polygon area method can estimate the potentiality of three-dimensional land use in Shenzhen very well. Moreover, it can make the practice of three-dimensional land use more scientific and systematic.