Characterization of Fe–humic complexes in an Fe-enriched biosolid by-product of water treatment |
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| Institution: | 1. Sección Química Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain;2. School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, United Kingdom;1. DAFNE, University of Tuscia, via S. C. de Lellis, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;2. Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy;1. School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, 212 Adriance Drive, College Station, TX 77843, United States;2. School of Public Health, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;3. Communicable Disease Control Directorate, Department of Health Western Australia, 227 Stubbs Terrace, Shenton Park, WA 6008, Australia;4. Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines & Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, 15 Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA 6008, Australia;5. Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;6. Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;7. Discipline of General Practice, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;8. PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Locked Bag 2009, Nedlands, WA 6909, Australia;9. SA Pathology, Frome Road, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;10. WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, 792 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;11. Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, 650 Charles E Young Dr South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States;1. USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Functional Foods Research, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA;2. North Shore Country Club, 1340 Glenview Road, Glenview, IL 60025, USA;3. USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Renewable Product Technology Research, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA;4. USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Plant Polymer Research, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61604, USA |
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| Abstract: | The fertilizing potential of Fe-enriched biosolids has been attributed to Fe associations with humic substances contained therein. In this study, alkaline and near-neutral aqueous extractions of humic substances from an Fe-enriched biosolid were followed by gel chromatographic fractionation and characterization (CHNS elemental analysis; UV/visible and FTIR spectroscopy; FAAS analysis). The alkaline bulk humic extract had a strong fulvic character and Fe was predominantly associated with the higher molecular weight (～50 000 Da) molecules, possibly including organic-coated Fe oxides from which Fe may be released more slowly. Under both near-neutral and alkaline conditions, associations with lower molecular weight humic molecules were also observed, indicative of the presence of Fe in more readily available forms. Thus the biosolid appears to have good short- and long-term fertilizing potential, particularly for alkaline, Fe-deficient soils. |
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