溶藻菌对受污染水源水除藻及脱氮特性研究

针对我国水源地藻类污染日趋严重等问题,利用前期分离获得的溶藻菌Streptomyces sp.HJC-D1研究固定化微生物技术强化污染水源水除藻以及脱氮性能。结果表明,对照组和试验组的水体叶绿素a平均去除率分别为（71.66±5.35）%和（80.94±4.36）%,NH4＋—N的平均去除率为（77.76±2.83）%和（72.36±3.18）%,而高锰酸盐指数（CODMn）平均去除率为（24.99±1.52）%和（18.74±1.38）%;不同曝气条件的影响研究发现,曝气/停曝时间比2：4、曝气量60 L.h-1工况下,系统CODMn和NH4＋—N去除率均有所提高,相比对照组NO3-—N积累更为明显;水力停留时间（HRT）变化对系统NH4＋—N、CODMn等的去除影响不大,但缩短HRT时叶绿素a去除率有所降低;分析反应器内填料表面微生物相发现,试验组填料表面有溶藻菌富集,推测对照组除藻主要通过填料对藻类的吸附去除,而试验组则是藻类吸附在填料表面后通过溶藻微生物实现藻类去除。

Characteristics of algae removal and nitrogen removal from micro-polluted source water by algae-lysing bacterium

Facing increasingly serious problem of micro-polluted water by harmful algae blooms, a novel isolated algae-lysing strain Streptomyces sp. HJC-D 1, which was capable of degrading Microcystis aeruginosa, was immobilized to AquaMats to evaluate the removal performance of algae and denitrification effect by biofilm reactor. The results showed that the average removal efficiency of chlorophyll a, NH4＋-N and CODMn was （71.66 ± 5.35）% and （80.94 ± 4.36）%, （77.76 ± 2.83）% and （72.36 ± 3.18）%, and （24.99 ± 1.52）% and （18.74 ± 1.38）% for the control reactor R1 and the experimental reactor R2, respectively. On the condition of aerobic to anoxic ratio of 2 h： 4 h and aeration intensity of 60 L.h-1, the removal efficiencies of CODMn and NH4＋-N were improved in the control group, while the removal efficiency of chlorophyll a did not change significantly, and the accumulation of NO3--N for the control group was much more significantly; The change of the hydraulic retention time（HRT） had little effect on the removal performance of pollutants such as NH4＋-N and COD Mn, while the removal efficiency of chlorophyll a was decreased; Microscopic observation revealed that the surface of AquaMats in experimental reactor was surrounded with algae-lysing bacteria. It was presumed that the removal mechanism of algae for the control group mainly through the adsorption of AquaMats, while the algae was absorbed by AquaMats and then degraded by algae-lysing strain S. sp. HJC-D1 for the experimental reactor.