几种不同更新的森林群落碳储量结构特征分析

森林更新是维持和扩大森林资源的主要途径,也是森林结构调整、森林可持续经营和构建多功能高效的森林生态系统的过程。在安徽南部的岭南林场,选择了马尾松（Pinus massoniana Lamb）人工林（MP）、杉木（Cunninghamia lanceolata）人工林（CF）、阔叶混交天然次生林（MB）和针阔混交人工次生林（MN）等4种具有典型代表性的森林群落类型,研究了不同更新方式形成的森林群落的碳储量结构特征。结果表明：（1）针阔混交次生林树干生物量密度最大,为（67.32±56.57）mg.hm-2,杉木人工林生物量密度最小,为（43.79±9.13）mg.hm-2,而马尾松树干生物量所占比例最大,为（64.04±1.49）%。阔叶混交次生林碳储量最高,为（126.47±90.75）mg.hm-2;（2）4种群落类型中,阔叶混交林与马尾松群落碳密度最大,分别为95.67和98.21mg.hm-2,杉木群落碳密度最小,为55.41 mg.hm-2。阔叶混交林中的灌木层生物量碳密度最大,为（17.438±24.627）mg hm-2,马尾松林的草本层和枯落层生物量碳密度最高,分别为（1.326±0.431）、（5.517±2.846）mg.hm-2;（3）阔叶混交林群落的地下碳储量最高,为（10.5±9.8）mg.hm-2,群落地下碳储量从大到小的顺序是阔叶混交林〉针阔混交林〉杉木林〉马尾松林。相应的群落地上碳储量从大到小的顺序是阔叶混交林〉针阔混交林〉马尾松林〉杉木林。杉木林根茎比（R/S）最大,为0.21±0.01,杉木林群落中的灌木层根茎比（R/S）最大,为1.61±0.11;（4）在阔叶混交林中,株数密度与乔木层、草本层的碳比例正相关。在杉木林群落中,平均胸径、株数密度与乔木层碳所占比例成负相关。除杉木林群落外,灌木层碳含量之比与胸径及密度等调查因子都呈负相关。

Analysis of the carbon stock structure in forest plantations with different regeneration methods

Forest regeneration can maintain and facilitate forest resources,and is the process for adjusting forest structure,fulfilling sustainable forest management,and creating efficient multi-functional forest ecosystems.In this study,we compared carbon stock structure aiming four typical forest communities including Masson pine plantations,Chinese fir plantations,natural mixed broad-leaved secondary forest,artificial mixed needle-broad leaved secondary forest in Lingnan forestry farm in southern Anhui province,China.The results showed that：（1） the maximum stem biomass density was found in the artificial needle-broad leaved mixed secondary forest（67.32±56.57） mg.hm-2,and the minimum was in Chinese fir plantations（43.79±9.13） mg.hm-2.The largest proportion of stem biomass occurred in Masson pine plantations（64.04±1.49）%,but the mixed broad-leaved secondary had the highest carbon storage（126.47±90.75） mg C.hm-2;（2） Among the four forest plantations,the natural mixed broad-leaved secondary forest and Masson pine plantation had the highest carbon density 95.67 and 98.21 mg.hm-2,respectively,while the Chinese fir plantation has the lowest C density 55.41 mg.hm-2.The shrub layer had the highest biomass carbon density（17.438± 24.627） mg hm2 in the mixed broad-leaved secondary forest,but the herb layer and litter layer stored the most carbon（1.326 ± 0.431） and（5.517±2.846） mg.hm-2,respectively in the Masson pine plantation;（3） the underground carbon storage in the mixed broad-leaved forest was the highest（10.5±9.8） mg hm-2,and followed by the mixed needle-broad leaved secondary forest,the Chinese fir plantations,and the Masson pine plantations.The aboveground carbon storage was in the order from the large to smallest for the mixed broad-leaved forest,the mixed needle-broad leaved secondary forest,the Masson pine plantation,and the Chinese fir plantation.The biggest ratio of root to stem was found in the Chinese fir plantations 0.21±0.01 among the four forest plantations,while the ratio of root to stem shrub layer was the biggest 1.61±0.11 within the Chinese fir plantation;（4） There was a positive correlation between stem density and carbon proportion of the tree layer or that of the herb layer in the mixed broad-leaved forest,while a negative correlation was found between the carbon proportion of the tree layer and the average diameter at breast height（DBH） or the stems density.Except for the Chinese fir plantation,carbon density in the shrub layer was negatively correlated with DBH or the stems density factors.