基于人群健康的污染产业转移环境效应研究——以广东省陶瓷行业为例

产业转移是经济发展过程中常见现象；产业生产与资源环境之间密不可分的关系决定了产业转移必然引起资源环境状况的变化。为评价产业转移对改善区域整体环境状况的作用，构建了以环境经济损益分析定量评价产业转移的环境效应的方法框架，并以广东省陶瓷行业转移为例，研究了基于人体健康的污染产业转移的环境效应。研究结果显示，一般而言，由于污染排放变化，产业迁出地将产生环境效益，同时承接地将发生环境损失。当产业转移产生环境净效益时，意味着整体区域环境的改善。这种改善主要得益于产业迁出地和承接地之间存在的社会经济特征差异、具有经济技术可行性的污染控制技术的推广以及环境自净能力的合理利用等因素的综合作用。为促进区域协调发展，区域内产业转移过程中，应采取优化产业转移目录、加强环境管理、建立环境信息公开和公众参与制度和统筹协调区域内的污染控制责任和环境利益等环境治理措施。

Environmental effect analysis of pollution industry relocation based on human health： a case study of ceramic industry in Guangdong province

Industry relocation is common phenomenon during economic development process. The close connection between industrial production and natural resources and environment decide that the industry relocation will lead to the change of environmental status in related districts. To evaluate the effect of industry relocation to the related districts, a framework with environmental cost and benefit analysis is established in this paper. The ceramic industry relocation in Guangdong Province is studied with the focus on the human health endpoints. The results indicate that industry outflow will reduce the pollutant emission at existing district and induce environmental benefit. On the contrary, environmental cost will occur in the host district because industry inflow brings more pollutant emission. If the net environmental benefit is positive, the industry relocation will improve the whole regional environment. The improvement is benefit from the difference of social and economic characteristics in the host and home district, the application of technically and economically feasible pollution control technologies, and rational usage of the environmental self-cleaning capacity. To promote regional sustainable development, regional industry relocation policies should be accompanied by measures such as optimizing the industry relocation catalogue, strengthening environmental management, establishing system for environmental information disclosure and public participation, and balancing the responsibility and benefit of pollution control.