Persistence and dissipation of synthetic pyrethroid pesticides in red soils from the Yangtze River Delta area |
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Authors: | Xiao-zhi Gu Gang-ya Zhang Li Chen Rong-ling Dai Yuan-chun Yu |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China;(2) Forestry Resource and Environment College, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China;(3) Resource and Environment College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China |
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Abstract: | Laboratory incubation trials were conducted to investigate the effects of several factors on the persistence as well as the
dissipation of three synthetic pyrethroid pesticides in red soils obtained from the Yangtze River Delta region in China. The
pyrethroids selected for investigation were cypermethrin, fenvalerate, and deltamethrin, which continue to be used extensively
to control pests on farmland in the region despite the concern that they are highly toxic to certain vertebrate and mammalian
species. Data from this exploratory study showed that the dissipation half-lives (T
1/2) tended to correlate with soil pH and soil organic matter contents, but not with soil cation-exchange capacity. The T
1/2 values were seen to be shorter in soil samples fertilized with glucose than without. The rates of pyrethroid dissipation
also tended to increase with increasing initial soil concentration, but were largely unaffected by whether the pesticides
were present in the soil separately or as a mixture. Another noteworthy observation is that microbial activity appeared to
dominate the degradation process. Findings of this type could offer valuable clues for future research directions in reducing
pesticide persistence in soil, which in turn could lead to the ultimate reduction of environmental pollution caused by pyrethroid
application to farmland in the region.
Project supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences (Project No. KSCX2-YW-N-038) and the National Key Basic Research Support
Foundation (973), China (No. 2002CB4108010). |
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Keywords: | Cypermethrin Fenvalerate Deltamethrin Synthetic pyrethroids Microbial degradation Cation-exchange capacity External carbon source Pesticide concentration |
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