炸药爆炸条件下释放气溶胶扩散研究

针对炸药爆炸事故造成的气溶胶污染物为瞬时体源的特点,根据事故应急时效性的原则,利用后置虚拟源等效的方法和点源扩散的高斯公式,探讨了炸药爆炸事故造成的气溶胶污染物扩散范围和浓度的计算方法,并分析干沉积和物质放射性衰变等因素对扩散浓度的影响。运用该方法对钚气溶胶扩散进行了计算和分析,其结果表明:该计算方法具有一定的有效性和实用价值,能为该类事故早期实施各种应急计划和措施提供参考依据。

Study on the Diffusion of Aerosol Released by the Explosion of Explosives

According to the timeliness principle of emergency and the characteristic that the aerosol pollutants released by the explosion of explosives are transient body sources, the method to calculate the diffusing range and concentration of aerosol pollutants released by the explosion of explosives were explored by using the equivalent method of post virtual sources and the Gauss Formula used for dot source diffusion. Then, the influence of dry deposition and radioactive decay on diffusing concentration was analyzed. Finally, this method was applied to analyze and calculate the diffusion of plutonium aerosol. The result indicates that this method is practical and valid, and can provide references for accident emergency response.