硝基芳烃类对斜生栅列藻的毒性及中毒症状

藻类实验是水生态毒理学研究中的主要方法。通过ＯＥＣＤ标准藻类阻碍生长实验，得到２５种典型硝基芳烃化合物对斜生栅列藻的４８ｈ半数有效抑制浓度ＥＣ５０值。其毒性由高到低的顺序为：二硝基氯苯〉二硝基苯〉二硝基苯胺〉二氯硝基苯＝二硝基甲苯〉硝基溴苯＝硝基氯苯〉硝基甲苯＝硝基苯甲醚＝硝基苯酚〉硝基苯胺〉硝基苯。同时在光学显微下详细观察到斜生栅列藻的中毒症状：①似亲孢子释放受阻；②质壁分离；③细胞核和细胞器解

Toxicities of Nitroaromatic Compounds to Scenedesmus obliquus and Toxic Symptoms

By using an OECD standard method for algalgrowth inhibition test, the toxicities(48 h,EC50)of 25 nitroaromatic compounds toScenedesmus obliquus were determined. theirtoxicities ranked in a decreasing order were:dinitrochlorobenzene > dinitrobenzene > dinitroaniline> dichloronitrobenzene = dinitrotoluene > nitrobromobenzene = nitrochlorobenzene > nitrotoluene= methoxynitrobenzene = nitrophenol > nitroaniline > nitrobenzene. The toxicities of the compound to the algae varied depending on the concentrations and kinds of the compounds. Underthe microscope (400 times), 4 kinds of toxicsymptoms were observed, including the inhibitionto the filial spore release;the separation of protoplasm form wall of cell; the disintegration of nucleus and organs; and the destruction of protoplast. The results show that the algae growth inhibition test would. have a prospect of wide application in water quality monitoring and pollutioncontrol.