我国铁路危险货物运输安全管理及防护对策

危险货物、运输风险性大,管理难度大,一旦发生事故,不仅会造成人民生命财产的巨大损失,还会产生严重的社会影响,为此,研究了危险货物的爆炸、燃烧、毒害、放射和腐蚀等5种危险特性及其近些年发生的事故教训,分析了我国铁路危险货物运输安全防护中存在的问题,提出了依法行政、依法治路、加强技术设备管理、运输组织管理以及建立事故应急预案等方面的安全防护对策。通过提高安全管理人员的技术业务素质;充分认识危险货物的特性和铁路危险货物运输状况;不断进行管理创新、制度创新;积极开展信息化建设;把握运输安全的特点和规律;在实践中不断改进,努力做到与时俱进,使铁路危险货物运输安全管理工作平稳有序。

Analysis on Safety Management in Railway Transportation of Dangerous Materials in China and Its Countermeasures

Transportation of dangerous materials is highly risky and difficult in management. Once accident happens, it would cause great loss in lives and pro perties, and bring serious social impact. Five risks such as explosion, combusti on, poisoning, radiation and corrosion caused by dangerous materials are studied and lessons brought about by accidents in recent years are reviewed. The existi ng problems in the railway transportation of dangerous materials are analyzed. C ountermeasures including administration according to laws, railway management ac cording to laws, reinforcement in management of technical equipment and transpor tation organizations, and establishment of preparedness of emergency response ar e suggested. Through raising the technical quality of the safety personnel, maki ng them fully aware of the properties of dangerous materials and characteristics of rail transportation of dangerous materials, so that the management and rules and regulations could be continuously innovated. Information construction shoul d be reinforced to master the regularity of transportation safety in time. Impro vement should be uninterruptedly made and advanced with time to keep the transpo rtation of dangerous materials proceed steadily in order.