构建生态环境技术服务体系的基本定位与主要对策

四个方面的情况表明,我国必须高度重视生态环境技术服务体系建设问题:一是随着污染防治攻坚战在向纵深推进过程中,地方政府“不会管”、企业“不会治”的问题比较普遍,且日益突出;二是目前各级生态环境部门,特别是市、县两级生态环境技术支持力量薄弱、专业化能力不足,难以支撑当地政府和企业治理环境污染的技术需求;三是目前的生态环境技术服务市场尚满足不了实际需求;四是无论是从结构还是从作用看,生态环境技术服务体系已成为生态环境治理体系和治理能力的短板。因此,构建生态环境技术服务体系是推进生态环境治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要内容,其作用是,在要求环境责任主体做什么的同时,帮助和指导他们怎么做,解决“不会管”和“不会治”的问题。现阶段,政府推动构建生态环境技术服务体系的重点任务:一是明确职能,系统谋划,做好顶层设计;二是强化相关能力建设;三是建立和完善生态环境标准和重大规划与行动计划的配套技术方案制度;四是培育、壮大和规范生态环境技术服务市场;五是以生态环境科技成果转化为抓手,牵引技术服务体系建设。

The System of Technical Services for Environmental Activities: Its Missions and Policies for the Development

Development of the technical service system for environmental activities of local governments and enterprises should be paid high attention in China.This judgement is concluded from the following emerging situation.Nowadays,the issues of how to improve environment by local governments and how to mitigate pollution by enterprises are getting to wide and critical,while the battle against pollution in China keeps going in depth for a number of years.In responding to the issues,the relevant technical capacities of local agencies of ecology and environment at city and county levels in particular are too limited to provide well professional supports to relevant activities on the one hand,and on the other hand,the third parties from the market are unable to provide sufficient services either,due to less development in environmental industrial sector.In a large extend,this difficulty is resulted from the less developed system of technical services in the environmental governance system and capacity of China.Thereby it is clear that the development of environmental technical service system should be an important component of modernization of national environment governance system and capacity,and target at providing relevant actors with the knowhow of how to do,rather than the request of what to do only in environmental activities.At present,the main tasks for government to facilitate the development of technical service system include:①clearly define the responsibilities of environmental agencies and missions of the system building-up,and make long-term comprehensive planning for the system development;②strengthen the capacity building related,such as fund inputs,scientific research,technology development,human resources,etc.;③develop necessary technical guidance and manuals for implementations of environmental standards,plans and programs;④promote and regulate the market of environmental industrial sector;⑤take the transformation of environmental scientific and technological results as an engine to lead the development of the system.