Source characterization for atmospheric trace metals over Kiel Bight |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Atmospheric Research Team, Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens, 11810 Athens, Greece;2. Laboratory of Meteorology, Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece;3. Laboratoire d’Aérologie Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France;4. LOA, University of Lille-1, 59655 Villeneuve d''Ascq, France;5. Natural Resources and Environment College, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran;6. Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences, Nainital 263 001, India;7. Environmental Defense Fund, Washington DC 20009, USA;8. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, USA;1. Department for Geodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;2. Department of Earth Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan;3. National Centre for Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar, 25130 Khyber Pukhtunkhwa, Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | Atmospheric concentrations of Na, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Ba and Pb are reported for 59 weekly air filter samples collected over the Kiel Bight. The contributions of sea salt, mineral dust and anthropogenic emissions to each of these elements were assumed to be represented by the concentrations of indicator elements, which were Na, Al and Zn, respectively. Based on this assumption a multiple regression analysis was applied to the concentration data. The results showed that atmospheric sea salt contributed significantly only to Sr and, of course, Na. Considerable portions of Al, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Rb, Sr and Ba were derived from mineral dust. Anthropogenic sources were responsible for total V, Ni, Cu, Zn, As and Pb, and there was an anthropogenic component for most of the other elements.Moreover, the anthropogenic contribution was characterized by a nearly constant composition with respect to Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Ba and Pb, indicating that trace metals over the Kiel Bight are mainly derived from one source area. This conclusion was confirmed by correlating anthropogenic trace metal concentrations with the wind direction. A 40° wind sector directed to the south of the sampling site was identified as the major pathway for the transport of anthropogenic trace metals to the Kiel Bight. |
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