Influence of alkaline particulates on pH of cloud and rain water in India |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, PR China;2. Changchun Observatory, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130117, PR China;3. State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China;1. ENEA-Frascati, Via E. Fermi 45, 00044 Frascati Italy;2. ENEA-CREATE, Università della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Roma 29, 81031 Aversa (CE), Italy;1. Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;2. Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;3. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;1. Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, UMR CNRS 7312, Université Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Sciences, BP 1039 boîte 44, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France;2. CNRS UMR 7369, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Faculté de Médecine, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51095 Reims Cedex, France;3. CHU de Reims, Laboratoire Central de Biochimie, rue Serge Kochman, 51092 Reims Cedex, France |
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| Abstract: | Cloud and rain water samples were collected on board aircraft by specially designed equipment, during three monsoon seasons, 1983, 1984 and 1985 in the Pune region in India. The samples were analyzed for major ionic components and pH, and the concentrations of all the ionic components were found to be significantly higher (35–161%) in cloud water than in rain water. In cloud water Cl contributed most (35%) to the total ionic concentration followed by Ca(21%) and Na(17%). Sulphate and nitrate concentrations, on the average, were low and were found to account for only 6% of the total ionic concentration. pH of cloud water and rain water was substantially higher than that of the CO2-equilibrated value (5.6). The findings suggest that influence of anthropogenic sources is negligible and that of soil dust which is alkaline is substantial on the pH and chemistry of cloud/rain water in India. |
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