矿区土壤中砷污染对微生物群落的影响研究

采用梯度培养和PCR-DGGE技术,对大柳塔矿区矸石山及周边土壤的砷含量及其对土壤微生物群落的影响进行了研究,并通过测序研究了土壤微生物群落的结构。结果表明,矸石山及其周边自然表土的含水量较少,且十分相近;全磷和有机质含量普遍较高,p H呈中偏碱性;不同风化程度矸石山土壤砷含量对土壤微生物群落有显著的影响,不同砷污染负荷土壤中微生物群落的丰度存在差异;矸石山复垦年限不同,土壤理化性质会发生变化;土壤中砷含量的增高,对植物生长起关键作用的Gemmatimonas(甲烷单毛菌属)等微生物群落受到不同程度的抑制;Proteobacterium(变形菌门)具有较强的耐砷性;矸石山土壤特有的理化性质可为GASP-WA2W2_F11等微生物群落的演替创造了条件。

Influence of Arsenic Pollution on Soil Microbial Community of Mining Area

Change of arsenic content with different weathering degree in gangue soil was studied and the influence of arsenic pollution on soil microbial community was also investigated with microbial being cultured under different arsenic concentrations gradient in soil samples from Daliuta mine gangue pile and its surrounding soil. Abundance of microbial communities in the soils with different arsenic pollution loads was researched by PCR-DGGE technology in this paper, and the structure of soil microbial community was also studied by sequencing. Results show that comparing with natural topsoil, coal gangue and its surrounding contain less water, with very closing amount; total phosphorus and organic matter content was generally higher,and the pH was in alkaline; arsenic contents in coal gangue soil with different weathering degrees have significant influence on soil microbial communities. There are differences in the abundance of soil microbial communities in different arsenic pollution loads; physical and chemical properties of soil would change due to different gangue pile reclamation years. With increasing arsenic content in soil, the microbial communities such as Gemmatimonas, which could play a key role in plant growth, are inhibited. But Proteobacterium has a strong resistance to arsenic. It creates good condition for the succession of microbial community such as GASP-WA2W2_F11 what the specific physical and chemical properties of gangue soil was.