2015—2018年山西省车用柴油质量状况分析

基于GB 19147—2013/2016《车用柴油》,以山西省车用柴油抽检样品为对象,分析2015—2018年车用柴油实际质量状况。结果表明:总体上,2015年抽检样品合格率最低,为58.3%,随后样品合格率以11.7%的年均增长率升至2016年的70.8%和2017年的82.1%,2018年抽检合格率稍有降低,为81.3%。其中国Ⅳ、国Ⅴ、国Ⅵ样品合格率分别为65.3%、78.9%和97.4%。不合格样品主要超标项目为硫浓度和闪点,超标样品硫浓度平均值为(671.7±1 061.4)mg/kg,闪点平均值为(47.0±9.4)℃。空间上,山西省车用柴油抽检样品合格率呈现以“2+26”城市为主的中东部城市高、西南部城市低的规律;时间上,各城市的车用柴油合格率变化呈稳定改善型、后进追赶型和恶化型3种类型。建议建立分级分区精准油品监管制度,加强对车用柴油的质量监管。

Analysis of the quality status of vehicle diesel fuels from 2015 to 2018 in Shanxi Province

The actual quality of vehicle diesel fuels from 2015 to 2018 were investigated, taking the samples of vehicle diesel fuels in Shanxi Province as the object, based on the standards of Automobile Diesel Fuels (GB 19147-2013/2016). The results showed that on the whole, the sample qualification rate in 2015 was the lowest, with a rate of 58.3%, and then increased with an average annual growth rate of 11.7% to 70.8% in 2016 and 82.1% in 2017, while decreased to 81.3% in 2018. The qualification rates of China Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ samples were 65.3%, 78.9% and 97.4%, respectively. The main unqualified items were sulfur content and flash point. The average sulfur content of the samples containing sulfur beyond the limits was (671.7±1 061.4)mg/kg, and the average flash point of the samples with lower flash point than the limits was (47.0±9.4)℃. In space, it showed that the qualification rate of “2+26” cities in the middle east were high, while the cities in the west and south were low. In terms of time, there were three types of changes of qualification rate in different cities, i.e. “stable improvement”, “backward and catch-up growth” and “deterioration” types. Finally, it was proposed that a partitioned and graded scheme should be established for the precise quality supervision of automobile diesel fuels in Shanxi Province, and the quality supervision of vehicle diesel fuels should be strengthened.