城市湿地公园生态要素重构研究——以北京琉璃河湿地公园为例

湿地植被是评价湿地空间结构、功能和过程的重要指标之一。以北京琉璃河湿地公园为例,针对该湿地公园西侧区域植被种类少、河流水质差、景观多样性不高、观赏效果不佳等问题,以实现湿地水质净化功能、物种保育及观赏科普功能为目标,对琉璃河主河道进行优化并营建湿地。基于研究区土地利用现状及修复目标,提出湿地修复的三大功能区(水质净化功能区、物种保育功能区及观赏科普功能区)及其总体布局;对不同功能区,分别从基底修复及植被配置方面提出湿地生态要素重构方案。方案优化及营建湿地1.13 km ²,配置植物群落28种,在兼顾了水质净化及物种保育功能的同时提升了观赏功能。

Reconstruction of ecological elements in urban wetland park:a case study of Liuli River Wetland Park in Beijing

Wetland vegetation is one of the important indicators for evaluating the spatial structure, function and process of wetlands. In the light of the problems of few vegetation types, poor water quality, low landscape diversity and poor ornamental effect in Liuli River Wetland Park in Beijing, aiming at the realization of water purification, species conservation, ornamental and science popularization of the wetland, the main river channel was optimization and new wetland construction were studied. Based on current landuse status and restoration objectives of the study area, three functional areas of wetland restoration, i.e. water purification functional area, species conservation functional area and ornamental and science popularization functional area, as well as their overall layout were proposed. For different functional areas, the reconstruction schemes of wetland ecological elements were proposed from the aspects of base restoration and vegetation allocation. In the scheme, an area of 1.13 km 2 of wetland was optimized and constructed, and 28 vegetation communities were allocated. This scheme could improve the ornamental functions of the study area while taking into account the purification of water quality and species conservation function.