粒级、pH和有机质对汞在松花江沉积物表面吸附-解吸的影响

为进一步揭示汞在松花江沉积物表面的环境行为,通过模拟实验,研究粒级、pH和溶解性有机质(DOM)对汞在松花江沉积物表面吸附-解吸量的影响.结果表明,不同粒级沉积物的吸附能力差别较大,本实验条件下,沉积物粒级越小,其吸附能力越强.在各种浓度的实验设计组中均有:pH由3.5升高至4.5时,吸附量增加,当pH4.5时,随pH的继续升高吸附量开始降低;沉积物中汞的解吸量随pH的增加呈先下降后上升的趋势变化,各体系的最小值均出现在pH5.柠檬酸对沉积物吸附汞的影响以抑制作用为主,其抑制作用强度与吸附体系中汞浓度有关;柠檬酸对解吸量的影响也比较明显,随着柠檬酸浓度的增加,对沉积物中汞解吸作用的影响表现为促进-抑制-稳定的变化趋势.因此,以上因素对汞在沉积物表面吸附-解吸的影响较大,在进行河流汞污染控制及突发污染事件处理时,有必要充分考虑以上因素的影响.

Effects of Particle-sizes, pH and Organic Matter on Adsorption and Desorption of Mercury to Sediments in the Songhua River

The present study aims to further reveal the environmental behavior of mercury on sediments surface. Effects of particle-sizes, pH and concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on mercury adsorption and desorption to the surface of sediments in the Songhua River were investigated by simulation experiments. A distinct variety of absorption ability among sediments with different particle-sizes was observed. Under this experimental condition, the absorption ability increased inversely with particle-size of sediments. In all absorption systems, mercury adsorption was enhanced when pH increased from 3.5 to 4.5, while mercury adsorption was inhibited significantly with the increasing of pH when pH values were above 4.5. With the increasing of pH values, the desorption of mercury presented a decreasing-increasing trend, the minimum desorption occurred at pH 5. Citric acid inhibited the mercury adsorption, and the intensity was correlated with mercury concentrations. Effects of citric acid on desorption of mercury were also apparently. With the increasing of citric acid concentrations, its effect on desorption presented a trend as enhanced-inhibited-steadied. Therefore, the above factors affected the mercury adsorption and desorption obviously, and it was necessary to take these factors into consideration in conducting the rivers' mercury control and dealing with a sudden pollution incident.