大口径火炮身管内膛烧蚀磨损数值计算

目的定量研究身管内膛烧蚀磨损规律,指导身管的寿命预测和结构设计。方法采用完全隐式差分格式对一维传热控制微分方程进行离散,求解身管截面径向不同位置、不同时间的温度分布。在差分法求解身管内膛温度的基础上,采用一维半无限大烧蚀模型和傅里叶导热定理,推导身管内膛烧蚀模型。最后,基于ALE自适应网格,动态模拟不同射弹数下身管内膛尤其是膛线的退化规律。结果身管周向烧蚀磨损量远小于径向烧蚀磨损量,但最大磨损量出现的位置基本一致,均发生于坡膛部位和膛线起始处。其中,坡膛处磨损最为严重,部分位置坡角遭到严重破坏。此外,膛线起始处的磨损整体呈内缩趋势,尤其膛线导转侧磨损较大。结论身管烧蚀磨损主要集中在坡膛始50~200 mm,整体呈现先迅速增加、再迅速下降的趋势。第500发弹时,身管导转侧烧蚀磨损量峰值为1.6 mm,非导转侧磨损量峰值为1.4 mm,导转侧烧蚀磨损径向分量和周向分量普遍比轴向分量高0.1~0.2 mm。

Numerical Analysis of Erosion Wear in Large-caliber Gun

This paper aims to quantitatively study the ablation wear law of the inner bore of the barrel and guide the life prediction and structural design of the barrel. The fully implicit difference scheme is used to discretize the one-dimensional heat transfer control differential equation, and the temperature distributions at different radial positions and different times of the barrel section are solved. On the basis of solving the temperature in the barrel by the difference method, the ablation model in the barrel is deduced by using one-dimensional semi-infinite ablation model and Fourier heat conduction theorem. Finally, based on ALE adaptive grid, the degradation law of barrel inner bore, especially rifling, under different projectile numbers is dynamically simulated. The results show that the circumferential ablation wear of the barrel is much less than the radial ablation wear, but the positions of the maximum wear are basically the same, both at the slope bore and the beginning of the rifling. Among them, the wear at the slope bore is the most serious, and the slope angle at some positions is seriously damaged. In addition, the wear at the beginning of the rifling shows an inward shrinkage trend as a whole, especially on the guide side of the rifling. The barrel ablation wear is mainly concentrated in the range of 50~200 mm at the beginning of the slope bore, showing a trend of rapid increase first and then rapid decline. At the 500th launch, the peak value of ablation wear on the guide side of the barrel is 1.6 mm, the peak value of wear on the non-guide side is 1.4 mm, and the radial and circumferential components of ablation wear on the guide side are generally 0.1~0.2 mm higher than the axial component.